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arXiv 1611.03085astro-ph.EP
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山2015/2016年67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko的近日点后尘埃昏迷的Wendelstein成像

Mt. Wendelstein Imaging of the Post-Perihelion Dust Coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in 2015/2016

Hermann Boehnhardt, Arno Riffeser, Matthias Kluge, Christoph Ries, Michael Schmidt, Ulrich Hopp

摘要:

彗星67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko(67 P)是用位于Mt.阿尔卑斯山的文德尔施泰因天文台。在2015年8月22日至2016年5月9日期间的51个晚上进行了昏迷和尾部监测。通过斯隆数字巡天(SDSS)r和i滤镜拍摄的图像显示了彗星周围的尘埃分布,而SDSS g滤镜拍摄的图像也显示了2015年9月初彗星周围存在的彗发气体。67 P的尘埃颜色意味着9%/100 nm的固有红化。经过近日点后不久达到最大值,从2015年9月下旬到2016年5月,尘埃活动下降,日心指数为4.1至4.2。2016年早期的冲潮可以用线性光散射相函数(beta ~ 0.04)或类似小行星的HG型相函数(G ~ 0.15)来解释。径向亮度剖面显示,从9月下旬到2015年底,尘埃彗发处于“准稳态”。近日点后约一个月的尘埃碎片化可能导致径向彗发轮廓的斜率低于1,而由于非常缓慢的尘埃膨胀速度导致的尘埃积累可能导致2016年期间比1更陡峭的轮廓。在~(67)P的彗发中,有三种扇形尘埃结构。2015年8月22日至23日的一次短暂尘埃喷射事件在彗发中产生了尘埃弧和喷流特征。2015年9月,彗星尘埃尾的出现主要是由近日点附近产生的年轻尘埃所主导。2015年11月中旬,较老的尘埃占据了尾巴的外观。

英文摘要:

Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) was imaged with the 2m telescope at Mt. Wendelstein Observatory in the Alps. Coma and tail monitoring was performed during 51 nights between 22 August 2015 and 9 May 2016. The images through r and i Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) filters show the dust distribution around the comet, while images in the SDSS g filter indicate also the presence of coma gas in early September 2015. The dust color of 67P implies intrinsic reddening of 9 %/100nm. After maximum shortly after perihelion passage the dust activity decreased with a heliocentric exponent of 4.1 to 4.2 from late September 2015 until May 2016. The opposition surge during early 2016 can be explained by a linear light scattering phase function (beta ~ 0.04) or an asteroid-like HG-type phase function (G ~ 0.15). The radial brightness profile indicates a 'quasi-steady-state' dust coma from late September to the end of 2015. Dust fragmentation during about a month after perihelion may be responsible for radial coma profiles with slopes below unity, while dust accumulation due to very slow dust expansion velocity may result in steeper than unity profiles during 2016. Three fan-shape dust structures are characterized in the coma of 67P. A short dust ejection event on 22 -23 August 2015 has produced a dust arc-let and jet feature in the coma. In September 2015 the appearance of cometary dust tail is dominated by young dust produced around perihelion. The older dust dominates the tail appearance as of mid November 2015.

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