Pyramidal和cootie catchers：2D材料中的新无质量费米子
Pyramids and cootie catchers: new massless fermions in 2D materials
摘要：
类狄拉克电子态是石墨烯、拓扑绝缘体和其他具有这些电子态的材料研究取得巨大进展的主要动力。零有效质量、高载流子迁移率和众多应用是区分狄拉克态的线性色散的一些结果。在这里，我们报告了一类新的线性电子带在二维材料中的零有效质量和尖锐的带边从来没有见过的固态物质，并预测稳定的材料，利用对称群分析和从头算方法的电子结构。我们对二维材料中的完全线性能带进行了全面的分类，发现只有两类：一方面是狄拉克费米子，另一方面是类狄拉克费米子和类虱子捕手态。新的类支持零有效质量，因此类似于石墨烯的高载流子迁移率，像磷烯的各向异性电子特性，以及相对于电子相关性的状态的鲁棒性。
英文摘要：
Dirac-like electronic states are the main engines powering the tremendous advances in research of graphene, topological insulators and other materials with these states. Zero effective mass, high carrier mobility and numerous applications are some consequences of linear dispersion that distinguishes Dirac states. Here we report a new class of linear electronic bands in two-dimensional materials with zero effective mass and sharp band edges never seen in solid state matter before, and predict stable materials with such electronic structure utilizing symmetry group analysis and ab initio approach. We make a full classification of completely linear bands in two-dimensional materials and find that only two classes exist: Dirac fermions on one hand and pyramidal-like and cootie catcher-like states on the other hand. The new class supports zero effective mass and hence high carrier mobility similar to that of graphene, anisotropic electronic properties like that of phosphorene, and robustness of states with respect to electronic correlations.
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