估算脉冲星和FRB距离的新电子密度模型
A New Electron Density Model for Estimation of Pulsar and FRB Distances
摘要：
本文提出了一个新的自由电子在银河系、麦哲伦云和星系际介质（IGM）中分布的模型，该模型可用于根据它们的色散测度（DM）估计到真实或模拟的射电星和快速射电暴（FRB）的距离。银河系模型有一个扩展的厚盘代表所谓的温暖的星际介质，一个薄盘代表银河系分子环，螺旋臂基于最近适合银河系HII地区，银河系中心盘和七个本地功能，包括口香糖星云，银河系环I和本地泡沫。太阳从银河平面的偏移和银河外盘的翘曲都包括在模型中。银河系模型的参数是通过拟合189个具有独立确定的距离和DM的恒星来确定的。麦哲伦云和IGM都使用了简单的模型。在189个独立测定的距离中，有86个在不确定范围内，另外38个在最近极限的20%以内。我们估计，95%的预测银河系脉冲星的距离将有一个相对误差小于0.9的一个因素。YMW16的预测结果与TC93和NE2001模式的预测结果进行了比较，表明YMW16在所有指标上都有明显的改善。由于星际散射的脉冲展宽的时间尺度估计（真实或模拟）银河系和麦哲伦星云的恒星和FRB。
英文摘要：
We present a new model for the distribution of free electrons in the Galaxy, the Magellanic Clouds and the intergalactic medium (IGM) that can be used to estimate distances to real or simulated pulsars and fast radio bursts (FRBs) based on their dispersion measure (DM). The Galactic model has an extended thick disk representing the so-called warm interstellar medium, a thin disk representing the Galactic molecular ring, spiral arms based on a recent fit to Galactic HII regions, a Galactic Center disk and seven local features including the Gum Nebula, Galactic Loop I and the Local Bubble. An offset of the Sun from the Galactic plane and a warp of the outer Galactic disk are included in the model. Parameters of the Galactic model are determined by fitting to 189 pulsars with independently determined distances and DMs. Simple models are used for the Magellanic Clouds and the IGM. Galactic model distances are within the uncertainty range for 86 of the 189 independently determined distances and within 20\% of the nearest limit for a further 38 pulsars. We estimate that 95\% of predicted Galactic pulsar distances will have a relative error of less than a factor of 0.9. The predictions of YMW16 are compared to those of the TC93 and NE2001 models showing that YMW16 performs significantly better on all measures. Timescales for pulse broadening due to interstellar scattering are estimated for (real or simulated) Galactic and Magellanic Cloud pulsars and FRBs.
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