水或冰的发光作为磁单极子的新探测方法
Luminescence of water or ice as a new detection method for magnetic monopoles
摘要：
宇宙射线探测器使用空气作为发光的辐射器。在水和冰中，当粒子的速度超过切伦科夫阈值（大约是真空中光速的四分之三）时，切伦科夫光是主要的光产生机制。由于周围分子的电子激发，通过物质的高度电离粒子产生发光。发光的可观测量，例如波长光谱和衰减时间，高度依赖于介质的性质，特别是温度和纯度。先前测量的发光的光产额的结果相差两个数量级。它将表明，即使是最低的测量光输出，发光是一个重要的签名高度电离粒子低于切伦科夫阈值。这些可能是磁单极子或其他大质量和高度电离的外来粒子。在观测到最高效率的情况下，发光甚至可能对标准模型粒子（如PeV IceCube中微子）的光输出有显著贡献。我们目前的分析技术，使用中微子望远镜的发光和讨论的实验装置，以测量在中微子探测器的特定条件下的发光的光产额。
英文摘要：
Cosmic ray detectors use air as a radiator for luminescence. In water and ice, Cherenkov light is the dominant light producing mechanism when the particle's velocity exceeds the Cherenkov threshold, approximately three quarters of the speed of light in vacuum. Luminescence is produced by highly ionizing particles passing through matter due to the electronic excitation of the surrounding molecules. The observables of luminescence, such as the wavelength spectrum and decay times, are highly dependent on the properties of the medium, in particular, temperature and purity. The results for the light yield of luminescence of previous measurements vary by two orders of magnitude. It will be shown that even for the lowest measured light yield, luminescence is an important signature of highly ionizing particles below the Cherenkov threshold. These could be magnetic monopoles or other massive and highly ionizing exotic particles. With the highest observed efficiencies, luminescence may even contribute significantly to the light output of standard model particles such as the PeV IceCube neutrinos. We present analysis techniques to use luminescence in neutrino telescopes and discuss experimental setups to measure the light yield of luminescence for the particular conditions in neutrino detectors.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
