没有进化的进化，没有模棱两可的
Evolution without evolution, and without ambiguities
摘要：
在量子理论中，可以用纠缠来解释时间和动力学。这是对时间的无时间的方法，它假设宇宙处于静止状态，其中两个不相互作用的子系统，时钟和其余部分，纠缠在一起。因此，通过选择一个合适的时钟可观测量，宇宙其余部分的相对状态相对于标记时钟可观测量本征态的变量（然后被解释为时间）酉演化。这种没有进化的进化模型（Page and Wootters，1983）虽然很优雅，但从未得到进一步发展，因为它被批评为在宇宙其他部分的动力学中产生严重的模糊性。在本文中，我们表明，没有这样的歧义，我们还更新了模型，使其适合可能的新应用。
英文摘要：
In quantum theory it is possible to explain time, and dynamics, in terms of entanglement. This is the timeless approach to time, which assumes that the universe is in a stationary state, where two non-interacting subsystems, the clock and the rest, are entangled. As a consequence, by choosing a suitable observable of the clock, the relative state of the rest of the universe evolves unitarily with respect to the variable labelling the clock observable's eigenstates, which is then interpreted as time. This model for an evolution without evolution (Page and Wootters, 1983), albeit elegant, has never been developed further, because it was criticised for generating severe ambiguities in the dynamics of the rest of the universe. In this paper we show that there are no such ambiguities, we also update the model, making it amenable to possible new applications.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
