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arXiv 1610.04565physics.plasm-phphysics.space-ph
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二维无碰撞导场重联中的湍流输运

Turbulent transport in 2D collisionless guide field reconnection

P. A. Muñoz, J. Büchner, P. Kilian

摘要:

无碰撞等离子体中的输运通常被称为反常输运,这是由于粒子与自发湍流之间的相互作用。由于它的相关性,天体物理和空间等离子体,我们探讨了在电流片容易组件或导场重联,一个过程还没有得到很好的理解,湍流的激发。我们使用2.5D粒子在细胞(PiC)代码模拟分析的异常输运性质。我们分裂的平均,缓慢的变化(相对于快速湍流波动)的宏观观测,并确定的主要运输条款的广义欧姆定律。我们通过与独立确定的宏观电流的慢化率和湍流波动的一阶相关性获得的输运项进行比较来验证我们的发现。我们发现,湍流在导场重联的“低密度”分界线区域最为强烈。它是由流动不稳定性激发的,它主要是静电的,在空间中是“片状的”,因此是相关的准周期性异常输运。剩余的不可逆异常电阻率可以通过有效碰撞频率来参数化,有效碰撞频率范围从局部离子回旋到低混合频率。对由湍流平衡的缓慢变化的DC-电场的平行和垂直(对磁场)分量的贡献是相似的。然而,这种反常的电场比非对角压力项和欧姆定律的电子惯性项的贡献小。这一结果现在可以通过多航天器飞行任务MMS对地球磁层磁重联区域内和周围的湍流进行现场测量以及在MRX和VINETA-II等实验室实验中进行验证。

英文摘要:

Transport in collisionless plasmas is usually called anomalous, being due to the interaction between the particles and the self-generated turbulence by their collective interactions. Because of its relevance for astrophysical and space plasmas, we explore the excitation of turbulence in current sheets prone to component- or guide-field reconnection, a process not well understood, yet. We analyze the anomalous transport properties by using 2.5D Particle-in-Cell (PiC) code simulations. We split off the mean, slow variation (in contrast to the fast turbulent fluctuations) of the macroscopic observables and determine the main transport terms of the generalized Ohm's law. We verify our findings by comparing with the independently determined slowing-down rate of the macroscopic currents and with the transport terms obtained by the first order correlations of the turbulent fluctuations. We find that the turbulence is most intense in the "low density" separatrix region of guide-field reconnection. It is excited by streaming instabilities, it is mainly electrostatic, "patchy" in space and so is the associated quasi-periodic anomalous transport. The remaining irreversible anomalous resistivity can be parametrized by an effective collision frequency ranging from the local ion-cyclotron to the lower-hybrid frequency. The contributions to the parallel and the perpendicular (to the magnetic field) components of the slowly varying, DC-electric fields, balanced by the turbulence, are similar. This anomalous electric field is, however, smaller than the contributions of the off-diagonal pressure and electron inertia terms of the Ohm's law. This result can now be verified by in-situ measurements of the turbulence, in and around the magnetic reconnection regions of the Earth's magnetosphere by the multi-spacecraft mission MMS and in laboratory experiments like MRX and VINETA-II.

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