K2 M67研究：与K2重访老朋友揭示了疏散星团M67中的振荡红巨星
The K2 M67 Study: Revisiting old friends with K2 reveals oscillating red giants in the open cluster M67
摘要：
对星团的观测对形成我们对恒星演化的理解产生了巨大的影响。疏散星团M67由于其接近太阳的组成和年龄，作为恒星演化理论的校准基准具有特别重要的作用。因此，它被广泛观测，包括试图探测其主序和红巨星中类似太阳的振荡。然而，由于难以测量这些极低振幅的振荡，迄今为止，任何星震推断仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们报告的第一个明确的检测类太阳振荡的红巨星M67。我们使用开普勒黄道任务K2的数据来测量全球星震特性。我们发现了一个与模型无关的地震距离为816+/-11pc，或（m-M）o=9.57+/-0.03mag，平均红巨星质量为1.36+/-0.01Msun，与星团关闭附近的食双星的动力学质量一致，并且单个恒星的年龄与等时线拟合一致。我们没有看到红巨星分支有强烈质量损失的证据。我们还确定了所有星团巨星的地震测井g，典型精度为~0.01dex。我们的结果一般表现出良好的协议与独立的方法，并支持使用地震标度关系，以确定全球性的红巨星与太阳附近的金属丰度。我们进一步说明，数据是如此高的质量，未来的工作对个别模式的频率应该是可能的，这将扩大范围的地震分析这一集群。
英文摘要：
Observations of stellar clusters have had a tremendous impact in forming our understanding of stellar evolution. The open cluster M67 has a particularly important role as a calibration benchmark for stellar evolution theory due to its near solar composition and age. As a result, it has been observed extensively, including attempts to detect solar-like oscillations in its main sequence and red giant stars. However, any asteroseismic inference has so far remained elusive due to the difficulty in measuring these extremely low amplitude oscillations. Here we report the first unambiguous detection of solar-like oscillations in the red giants of M67. We use data from the Kepler ecliptic mission, K2, to measure the global asteroseismic properties. We find a model-independent seismic-informed distance of 816+/-11pc, or (m-M)o=9.57+/-0.03mag, an average red-giant mass of 1.36+/-0.01Msun, in agreement with the dynamical mass from an eclipsing binary near the cluster turn-off, and ages of individual stars compatible with isochrone fitting. We see no evidence of strong mass loss on the red giant branch. We also determine seismic log g of all the cluster giants with a typical precision of ~0.01dex. Our results generally show good agreement with independent methods and support the use of seismic scaling relations to determine global properties of red giant stars with near solar metallicity. We further illustrate that the data are of such high quality, that future work on individual mode frequencies should be possible, which would extend the scope of seismic analysis of this cluster.
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