原子磁通晶格中手征电流和磁反射的直接观测
Direct observation of chiral currents and magnetic reflection in atomic flux lattices
摘要：
用原子物理学的精确和控制来研究拓扑物质的前景推动了许多工程人工磁场和自旋轨道相互作用技术的发展。最近，通过使用内部（或外部）原子状态作为有效的“合成维度”来引入非平凡拓扑的想法因其多功能性和可能的加热免疫力而受到吸引。在这里，我们直接工程师可调人工规范场通过本地控制隧道相位在一个有效的二维流形的离散原子动量态。我们证明了创建均匀的任意值的规范场的能力，直接成像的网站解析的动力学的手征电流。此外，我们工程师的第一个非均匀人工规范场冷原子，观察原子入射后的人工矢量势的阶梯状变化的磁反射。这些结果为研究原子气体中的拓扑相和局域化现象开辟了新的可能性。
英文摘要：
The prospect of studying topological matter with the precision and control of atomic physics has driven the development of many techniques for engineering artificial magnetic fields and spin-orbit interactions. Recently, the idea of introducing nontrivial topology through the use of internal (or external) atomic states as effective "synthetic dimensions" has garnered attraction for its versatility and possible immunity from heating. Here, we directly engineer tunable artificial gauge fields through the local control of tunneling phases in an effectively two-dimensional manifold of discrete atomic momentum states. We demonstrate the ability to create homogeneous gauge fields of arbitrary value, directly imaging the site-resolved dynamics of induced chiral currents. We furthermore engineer the first inhomogeneous artificial gauge fields for cold atoms, observing the magnetic reflection of atoms incident upon a step-like variation of an artificial vector potential. These results open up new possibilities for the study of topological phases and localization phenomena in atomic gases.
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