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arXiv 1609.08772astro-ph.GA
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SXDF-ALMA 2-arcmin^2深度巡天:静止帧近红外选定目标的叠加

SXDF-ALMA 2-arcmin^2 Deep Survey: Stacking of Rest-Frame Near-Infrared Selected Objects

Wei-Hao Wang, Kotaro Kohno, Bunyo Hatsukade, Hideki Umehata, Itziar Aretxaga, David Hughes, Karina I. Caputi, James S. Dunlop, Soh Ikarashi, Daisuke Iono, Rob J… 展开作者

Wei-Hao Wang, Kotaro Kohno, Bunyo Hatsukade, Hideki Umehata, Itziar Aretxaga, David Hughes, Karina I. Caputi, James S. Dunlop, Soh Ikarashi, Daisuke Iono, Rob J. Ivison, Minju Lee, Ryu Makiya, Yuichi Matsuda, Kentaro Motohara, Kouichiro Nakanish, Kouji Ohta, Ken-ichi Tadaki, Yoichi Tamura, Tadayuki Kodama, Wiphu Rujopakarn, Grant W. Wilson, Yuki Yamaguchi, Min S. Yun, Jean Coupon, Bau-Ching Hsieh, Sebastien Foucaud

摘要:

本文利用CANDELS WFC 3星表中的1.6 μm和3.6 μm星系对SXDF中的ALMA深1.1 mm成像进行了叠加分析。我们探测到的叠加通量约为0.03-0.05 mJy,对应于LIR < 10^11 Lsun,z = 2时的恒星形成率(SFR)约为15 Msun/yr。我们发现,在静止帧近红外更亮的星系往往也更亮的1.1毫米,和星系暗于m[3.6um] = 23不产生可检测的1.1毫米的排放。这表明恒星质量和SFR之间存在相关性,但也观察到这种相关性的异常值,这表明强烈的恒星形成或极大的灭绝。我们还发现,红星系和星系在高红移的趋势是明亮的1.1毫米。我们的领域包含z ~ 2.5 H-α发射器和一个明亮的单碟源。然而,我们没有发现证据的偏见,在我们的结果所造成的明亮的来源。通过结合ALMA探测到的源通量和叠加探测到的微弱源通量,我们恢复了1.1 mm的表面亮度高达20.3 +/- 1.2 Jy/deg,相当于COBE测量的河外背景光。基于我们和以前的ALMA研究中的光学暗源的分数和COBE测量,我们发现,大约一半的宇宙恒星形成可能被尘埃遮蔽,并错过了深光学调查,因此需要更深,更广泛的ALMA成像,以更好地约束被遮蔽的宇宙恒星形成的历史。

英文摘要:

We present stacking analyses on our ALMA deep 1.1 mm imaging in the SXDF using 1.6 μm and 3.6 μm selected galaxies in the CANDELS WFC3 catalog. We detect a stacked flux of ~0.03-0.05 mJy, corresponding to LIR < 10^11 Lsun and a star formation rate (SFR) of ~ 15 Msun/yr at z = 2. We find that galaxies brighter in the rest-frame near-infrared tend to be also brighter at 1.1 mm, and galaxies fainter than m[3.6um] = 23 do not produce detectable 1.1 mm emission. This suggests a correlation between stellar mass and SFR, but outliers to this correlation are also observed, suggesting strongly boosted star formation or extremely large extinction. We also find tendencies that redder galaxies and galaxies at higher redshifts are brighter at 1.1 mm. Our field contains z ~ 2.5 H-alpha emitters and a bright single-dish source. However, we do not find evidence of bias in our results caused by the bright source. By combining the fluxes of sources detected by ALMA and fluxes of faint sources detected with stacking, we recover a 1.1 mm surface brightness of up to 20.3 +/- 1.2 Jy/deg, comparable to the extragalactic background light measured by COBE. Based on the fractions of optically faint sources in our and previous ALMA studies and the COBE measurements, we find that approximately half of the cosmic star formation may be obscured by dust and missed by deep optical surveys, Much deeper and wider ALMA imaging is therefore needed to better constrain the obscured cosmic star formation history.

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