The inner mass distribution of late-type spiral galaxies from SAURON stellar kinematic maps
Veselina Kalinova, Glenn van de Ven, Mariya Lyubenova, Jesús Falcón-Barroso, Dario Colombo, Erik Rosolowsky
备注:
44 pages, 60 figures, MNRAS accepted. The ADC-MCMC and JAM-MCMC python codes are available at: https://github.com/Kalinova/Dyn_models. The Multi-Gaussian Expansion (MGE) results are also available in the Appendix
We infer the central mass distributions within 0.4-1.2 disc scale lengths of 18 late-type spiral galaxies using two different dynamical modelling approaches - the Asymmetric Drift Correction (ADC) and axisymmetric Jeans Anisotropic Multi-gaussian expansion (JAM) model. ADC adopts a thin disc assumption, whereas JAM does a full line-of-sight velocity integration. We use stellar kinematics maps obtained with the integral-field spectrograph SAURON to derive the corresponding circular velocity curves from the two models. To find their best-fit values, we apply Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. ADC and JAM modelling approaches are consistent within 5% uncertainty when the ordered motions are significant comparable to the random motions, i.e, $\overline{v_ϕ}/σ_R$ is locally greater than 1.5. Below this value, the ratio $v_\mathrm{c,JAM}/v_\mathrm{c,ADC}$ gradually increases with decreasing $\overline{v_ϕ}/σ_R$, reaching $v_\mathrm{c,JAM}\approx 2 \times v_\mathrm{c,ADC}$. Such conditions indicate that the stellar masses of the galaxies in our sample are not confined to their disk planes and likely have a non-negligible contribution from their bulges and thick disks.
Spiral formation caused by late infall onto protoplanetary disks
Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik, Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg(海德堡大学天文中心理论天体物理研究所);Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano(米兰大学物理系)
Grand Design and Flocculent Spirals in the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S4G)
斯皮策银河系恒星结构巡天(Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galvanian,S4G)中的46个星系的旋臂性质被测量到3.6 μ,在那里消光很小,老恒星占主导地位。该样品包括絮凝,多臂,并与广泛的哈勃和酒吧类型的大设计类型。我们发现,大多数光学絮凝星系也絮凝在中红外,因为恒星形成与恒星密度波不相关,而多臂和大设计星系有潜在的恒星波。臂间对比度从絮状增加到多臂,再到宏伟的设计星系和后来的哈勃类型。与以前的调查相比,可以在盘中进一步追踪结构。有些螺旋在中间半径处达到顶峰,而另一些则不断上升或下降,这取决于哈勃和棒的类型。我们发现的证据,在NGC 4321的手臂力量的定期和对称调制。在早期类型的螺旋中,棒倾向于长,高振幅和平坦轮廓,臂对比度随着棒末端的半径而减小,而在晚期哈勃类型中,它们倾向于短,低振幅和指数轮廓,臂对比度恒定或随着半径而增加。较长的条形图往往具有较大的振幅和较强的臂。
Identification of Grand-design and Flocculent Spirals from SDSS using Convolutional Neural network
Spiral galaxies can be classified into the { \it Grand-designs} and { \it Flocculents} based on the nature of their spiral arms. The { \it Grand-designs} exhibit almost continuous and high contrast spiral arms and are believed to be driven by density waves, while the { \it Flocculents} have patchy and low-contrast spiral features and are primarily stochastic in origin. We train a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to classify spirals into { \it Grand-designs} and { \it Flocculents}, with a testing accuracy of $\mathrm{97.2\%}$ . We then use the above model for classifying $\mathrm{1,354}…
Evidence for the transformation from lenticular to spiral galaxies
University of Science and Technology of China(中国科学技术大学);Beijing Normal University(北京师范大学);Nanjing University(南京大学);University of California, Riverside(加州大学河滨分校);University of Massachusetts, Amherst(马萨诸塞大学阿默斯特分校)
Magnetic field evolution and reversals in spiral galaxies
利用三维光滑粒子磁流体动力学(SPMHD)模拟方法研究了具有螺旋势的星系磁场的演化。我们考虑磁场反转和磁场放大的现象。我们发现磁场反转发生在螺旋激波上的速度跳跃超过$\approx$ 20 km s $^{-1}$时,发生在速度变化最高的地方,通常在我们的模型中的内Lindblad共振(ILR)处。反转也会发生在共转时,在螺旋臂的共转坐标系中,速度场的方向反转。振幅较大的螺旋势发生得较早,振幅较弱或没有螺旋臂的螺旋势发生得较晚或根本不发生。在我们的基准模型中,在半径约为4- 6 kpc处出现的反转与银河系中发现的反转是一致的,尽管我们警告说,其他星系模型可能会给出类似的反转。我们发现,相对较高的分辨率,几百万个粒子的SPMHD,需要产生一致的行为的磁场。磁场的放大发生在模型中,虽然有些可能真正归因于差动旋转或螺旋臂,但有些可能是数字伪影。我们检查我们的结果使用雅典娜,发现反转,但较少的放大的领域,这表明一些与SPMHD的领域的放大是数值。
The two-phase formation history of spiral galaxies traced by the cosmic evolution of the bar fraction
我们研究了星系棒的演化和与磁盘和球体形成的放大宇宙学模拟的样本中的链接。我们的模拟样本集中在现今恒星质量在10^10-10^11兆太阳范围内的星系,在场和松散的群环境中,具有各种各样的质量增长历史。在我们的模型中,在z>1.5时,现在螺旋的祖先几乎不存在条形,它们仍然很罕见,而且通常太弱而无法观察到z~1。在这一特征时期之后,可观测到的强条的比例迅速上升,80%的旋涡星系中存在条,其中三分之二在z<0.5时很容易观测到。这与观测到的棒分数的红移演化是定量一致的。我们的模型预测,随着红移的增加,酒吧分数的减少应该继续与可观察到的酒吧1的分数<10-15% in disk galaxies at z>。我们的模型还预测了较低质量星系中稍后的酒吧形成,与现有数据一致。我们发现,酒吧形成的特征时代,即红移z~0.8-1,对应的时代,今天的螺旋获得其磁盘为主的形态。在更高的红移,盘倾向于被合并和引力不稳定性迅速破坏,很少发展出明显的棒。棒形成时期对应于螺旋星系形成的早期“剧烈”阶段(z>1)和晚期“长期”阶段(z<0.8)之间的过渡。在长期阶段,酒吧的存在大大有助于增长的隆起,但隆起的质量预算仍然占主导地位的合并,相互作用和磁盘的不稳定性在高红移的贡献。z>1时的早期棒通常是短暂的,而z<1时形成的大多数棒一直持续到z=0,晚期宇宙学气体的注入是维持其中一些棒的必要条…