行人进入受限空间的流动过程
Inflow process of pedestrians to a confined space
摘要：
为了更好地设计安全舒适的城市空间，了解人群运动的本质非常重要。然而，精确的行人之间的相互作用是很难衡量他们的复杂的决策过程和许多相关因素的存在。虽然已就行人通过瓶颈和走廊的流量进行了广泛的研究，但这些情景中的主要互动模式在不同的情景中可能并不相关。在这里，我们试图从不同的角度解读影响人类对其他个体反应的因素。我们进行了实验，采用流入的过程中，行人相继进入一个封闭的区域（如电梯），并寻找一个临时的位置。在这个过程中，行人有更广泛的选择，他们的议案比在经典的场景，因此，其他因素可能成为相关的。通过从记录的行人轨迹获得的行人密度分布可视化的位置的偏好。空间获取的非平凡模式，例如，观察到对靠近拐角的位置的明显偏好。这表明了私人领域之外的心理和预期因素的相关性，到目前为止，在行人动力学的文献中还没有深入讨论过。根据研究结果，我们提出了四个主要因素，我们称之为流动回避，距离成本，角度成本和边界偏好。我们证实，基于这些因素的决策描述可以产生现实的偏好模式，使用一个简单的数学模型。我们的研究结果提供了新的视角和基线，考虑在拥挤的公共区域和公共交通工具的设计和安全的优化。
英文摘要：
To better design safe and comfortable urban spaces, understanding the nature of human crowd movement is important. However, precise interactions among pedestrians are difficult to measure in the presence of their complex decision-making processes and many related factors. While extensive studies on pedestrian flow through bottlenecks and corridors have been conducted, the dominant mode of interaction in these scenarios may not be relevant in different scenarios. Here, we attempt to decipher the factors that affect human reactions to other individuals from a different perspective. We conducted experiments employing the inflow process in which pedestrians successively enter a confined area (like an elevator) and look for a temporary position. In this process, pedestrians have a wider range of options regarding their motion than in the classical scenarios; therefore, other factors might become relevant. The preference of location is visualized by pedestrian density profiles obtained from recorded pedestrian trajectories. Non-trivial patterns of space acquisition, e.g., an apparent preference for positions near corners, were observed. This indicates the relevance of psychological and anticipative factors beyond the private sphere, which have not been deeply discussed so far in the literature on pedestrian dynamics. From the results, four major factors, which we call flow avoidance, distance cost, angle cost, and boundary preference, were suggested. We confirmed that a description of decision-making based on these factors can give a rise to realistic preference patterns, using a simple mathematical model. Our findings provide new perspectives and a baseline for considering the optimization of design and safety in crowded public areas and public transport carriers.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
