利用模拟四极离子捕获来约束刚性球
Confining rigid balls by mimicking quadrupole ion trapping
摘要：
旋转鞍不仅是一个有趣的系统，能够捕获球在其鞍点附近，而且还可以直观地说明现代物理中四极离子阱的工作原理。与传统的基于质点近似的模型不同，本文采用刚体动力学方法研究了球在鞍形陷阱中的稳定性。从理论上推导了系统的镇定条件，并通过实验进行了验证。将结果与以前的质点模型进行比较，由于球的曲率与鞍的曲率相当，因此存在很大差异。我们还指出，球的自旋角速度是类似的回旋频率的离子在外部磁场中利用许多流行的离子捕获计划。
英文摘要：
The rotating saddle not only is an interesting system that is able to trap a ball near its saddle point, but can also intuitively illustrate the operating principles of quadrupole ion traps in modern physics. Unlike the conventional models based on the mass-point approximation, we study the stability of a ball in a rotating-saddle trap using rigid-body dynamics. The stabilization condition of the system is theoretically derived and subsequently verified by experiments. The results are compared with the previous mass-point model, giving large discrepancy as the curvature of the ball is comparable to that of the saddle. We also point out that the spin angular velocity of the ball is analogous to the cyclotron frequency of ions in an external magnetic field utilized in many prevailing ion-trapping schemes.
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