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arXiv 1609.05489cond-mat.quant-gas
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光晶格中自旋-轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的奇异多重涡旋晶格

Exotic Multi-fold Vortex Lattices of Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose-Einstein Condensates in Optical Lattices

Ben Li, Shu Chen

摘要:

研究了正方形光晶格中具有Rashba自旋-轨道耦合的二维玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态,证明了不同晶格结构的富相的存在,这与自旋-轨道耦合和光晶格竞争诱导的单粒子能谱简并结构密切相关.通过直接数值模拟,我们发现基态处于宇称时间反转或宇称对称的相位。我们给出了在整个自旋轨道耦合强度范围内的基态相图,特别发现当单粒子能量最小值到达第一布里渊区边界时,系统支持多重涡旋晶格,其中基态同时包含半量子涡旋晶格、涡旋-反涡旋对晶格和基本涡旋晶格.

英文摘要:

We investigate the ground state of two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates with Rashba spin-orbit coupling in square optical lattices and demonstrate the existence of rich phases with different lattice structures, which is closely related to the degenerate structure of single particle energy spectrum induced by the competition of spin-orbit coupling and optical lattices. We find that the ground state is in the phase with either parity-time-reversal or parity symmetry by direct numerical simulation. We show the phase diagram of ground state in the whole regime of spin-orbit coupling strength, and particularly find that the system supports multi-fold vortex lattices, in which ground state holds half-quantum vortex lattices, vortex-antivortex pair lattices and fundamental vortex lattices, simultaneously, when single particle energy minimums touch the boundary of the first Brillouin zone.

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