arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 1609.03544stat.MLcs.LG
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基于多子空间跟踪的在线数据细化

Online Data Thinning via Multi-Subspace Tracking

Duke University(杜克大学);University of Wisconsin-Madison(威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校)

Xin Jiang, Rebecca Willett

摘要:

在一个无处不在的大规模流数据时代,数据的可用性远远超过了专家人类分析师的能力。在许多情况下,这些数据要么被丢弃,要么未经处理地存储在数据中心。本文提出了一种在线数据细化的方法,在该方法中,大规模的流数据集被筛选,以保留独特的,异常的,或显着的元素,以便及时的专家分析。该方法的核心是基于动态低秩高斯混合模型的在线异常检测方法。具体地,与高斯分量相关联的高维协方差矩阵与低秩模型相关联。根据这个模型,大多数观测位于子空间的并集附近。低秩建模减轻了与高维数据的异常检测相关的维数灾难,子空间聚类和子空间跟踪的最新进展允许所提出的方法适应动态环境。此外,该方法允许二次采样,对缺失数据具有鲁棒性,并使用小批量在线优化方法。由此产生的算法是可扩展的,高效的,并且能够实时操作。广域运动图像和电子邮件数据库上的实验说明了所提出的方法的有效性。

英文摘要:

In an era of ubiquitous large-scale streaming data, the availability of data far exceeds the capacity of expert human analysts. In many settings, such data is either discarded or stored unprocessed in datacenters. This paper proposes a method of online data thinning, in which large-scale streaming datasets are winnowed to preserve unique, anomalous, or salient elements for timely expert analysis. At the heart of this proposed approach is an online anomaly detection method based on dynamic, low-rank Gaussian mixture models. Specifically, the high-dimensional covariances matrices associated with the Gaussian components are associated with low-rank models. According to this model, most observations lie near a union of subspaces. The low-rank modeling mitigates the curse of dimensionality associated with anomaly detection for high-dimensional data, and recent advances in subspace clustering and subspace tracking allow the proposed method to adapt to dynamic environments. Furthermore, the proposed method allows subsampling, is robust to missing data, and uses a mini-batch online optimization approach. The resulting algorithms are scalable, efficient, and are capable of operating in real time. Experiments on wide-area motion imagery and e-mail databases illustrate the efficacy of the proposed approach.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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