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arXiv 1609.03212physics.bio-phphysics.soc-ph
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跟随相互作用先导的自推进粒子群的集体运动

Collective motion of groups of self-propelled particles following interacting leaders

Bence Ferdinandy, Katalin Ozogány, Tamás Vicsek

摘要:

为了在运动中保持凝聚力,群居动物必须做出集体决策。许多物种拥有复杂的社会,具有多层次的社区。一个常见的情况是存在两个主导级别,一个对应于领导者,另一个由追随者组成。在本文中,我们研究的集体运动的两个层次的组装的自推进粒子。我们提出了一个模型,从一个最初提出的描述细胞的运动,导致平滑变化的连贯运动。我们将使用与某些哺乳动物的大群体相对应的术语,其中领导者和追随者形成一个称为“后宫”的群体。我们研究的出现(自组织)的牛群在运动过程中通过计算机模拟的子组。由此产生的过程进行比较,我们以前的观察普氏野马群(Horzewalski,匈牙利),我们使用的结果,从一个已发表的案例研究。我们发现,该模型再现了一个群体的主要特征,包括领导者和单身汉群体(没有追随者的领导者群体)之间的追随者的斗争,在开放的地面上移动的后宫。然而,我们的一项发现与观察结果不一致。虽然在我们的模型中出现的组大小分布是正态的,但基于历史数据的观察牛群的组大小分布已被发现遵循对数正态分布。我们认为,这表明,形成(和大小)的后宫必须涉及一个更复杂的社会拓扑结构比简单的空间距离为基础的互动。

英文摘要:

In order to keep their cohesiveness during locomotion gregarious animals must make collective decisions. Many species boast complex societies with multiple levels of communities. A common case is when two dominant levels exist, one corresponding to leaders and the other consisting of followers. In this paper we study the collective motion of such two-level assemblies of self-propelled particles. We present a model adapted from one originally proposed to describe the movement of cells resulting in a smoothly varying coherent motion. We shall use the terminology corresponding to large groups of some mammals where leaders and followers form a group called a harem. We study the emergence (self-organization) of sub-groups within a herd during locomotion by computer simulations. The resulting processes are compared with our prior observations of a Przewalski horse herd (Hortobágy, Hungary) which we use as results from a published case study. We find that the model reproduces key features of a herd composed of harems moving on open ground, including fights for followers between leaders and bachelor groups (group of leaders without followers). One of our findings, however, does not agree with the observations. While in our model the emerging group size distribution is normal, the group size distribution of the observed herd based on historical data have been found to follow lognormal distribution. We argue that this indicates that the formation (and the size) of the harems must involve a more complex social topology than simple spatial-distance based interactions.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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