Nonlocal potential models have been used in place of the Coulomb potential in the Schrodinger equation as an efficient means of exploring high field laser-atom interaction in previous works. Al- though these models have found use in modeling phenomena including photo-ionization and ejected electron momentum spectra, they are known to break electromagnetic gauge invariance. This paper examines if there is a preferred gauge for the linear field response and photoionization characteristics of nonlocal atomic binding potentials in the length and velocity gauges. It is found that the length gauge is preferable for a wide range of parameters.
On Orientation Dependence of N2 Ionization: The Velocity Gauge Version of Molecular Strong-Field Approximation
我们对T. K. Kjeldsen和L. B. Madsen [e-print arXiv:physics/0508213],并承认他们对我们的3 σ_g分子态模型的不完美组成的批评[V.I. Usachenko和S.- I. Chu,Phys.Rev.A71,063410(2005)]。然而,我们不能同意作者提出的这一批评也是一个无可辩驳的论点和/或证据,支持和证明他们的相反和不正确的(即与相关实验不一致)N2电离率的取向依赖性内计算的速度计版本的分子强场近似。我们揭示了矛盾的真正原因,并证明了适当组成的3sigma_g态(根据评论的评论修改),而不是证实了替代早期的计算[A. Jaron-Becker,A. Becker和F. H. M. Faisal,Phys.Rev.A69,023410(2004)],这表明N2电离的正确取向依赖性,与该评论的作者应用3 σ_g组成的相同方法和程序的相应结果相反。
A manifestly gauge-invariant description of interaction of atomic systems with strong fields in the dipole approximation
提出了一种新的原子短脉冲电离几率振幅的规范不变展开式。相反,以前的规范不变的方法来解决这个问题,它不需要不同的分区的总哈密顿量取决于规范的选择。原子势可以自然地看成是作用在与强脉冲相互作用的电子上的微扰。而这是一个标准的假设强场近似(SFA),我们表明,分组,因此在一起的\textit{all}条款相同的顺序在原子势的结果在扩展的振幅是规范不变的\textit{order by order},而不仅仅是在无限级数的限制。在这种方法中,这是由数值例子说明,“直接电离”和“再散射”的贡献是不同的,从那些常用的SFA计算。
Statistical Localization in a Rydberg Simulator of $U(1)$ Lattice Gauge Theory
Centre for Quantum Technologies and Department of Physics, National University of Singapore(新加坡国立大学量子技术中心与物理系);Department of Physics, Stanford University(斯坦福大学物理系);Duke Quantum Center, Duke University(杜克大学杜克量子中心);Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University(杜克大学电气与计算机工程系);Department of Physics, Duke University(杜克大学物理系)