By performing a global magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) simulation for the Milky Way with an axisymmetric gravitational potential, we propose that spatially dependent amplification of magnetic fields possibly explains the observed noncircular motion of the gas in the Galactic centre (GC) region. The radial distribution of the rotation frequency in the bulge region is not monotonic in general. The amplification of the magnetic field is enhanced in regions with stronger differential rotation, because magnetorotational instability and field-line stretching are more effective. The strength of the amplified magnetic field reaches >~ 0.5 mG, and radial flows of the gas are excited by the inhomogeneous transport of angular momentum through turbulent magnetic field that is amplified in a spatially dependent manner. As a result, the simulated position-velocity diagram exhibits a time-dependent asymmetric parallelogram-shape owing to the intermittency of the magnetic turbulence; the present model provides a viable alternative to the bar-potential-driven model for the parallelogram shape of the central molecular zone. In addition, Parker instability (magnetic buoyancy) creates vertical magnetic structure, which would correspond to observed molecular loops, and frequently excited vertical flows. Furthermore, the time-averaged net gas flow is directed outward, whereas the flows are highly time dependent, which would contribute to the outflow from the bulge.
3D Relativistic MHD numerical simulations of X-shaped radio sources
相当一部分的扩展射电源呈现出一种特殊的X形射电形态:除了经典的双叶结构外,还观察到沿对称性第二轴的射电发射,其形式为弥散翼或尾部。在以前的调查中,我们表明存在的无线电形态和宿主星系的属性之间的连接。出于这种联系,我们进行了二维数值模拟表明,X形射电源可能会自然形成的射流沿长轴传播的高度椭圆形的密度分布,因为茧沿短轴的分布的快速膨胀。我们打算通过进行三维数值模拟来扩展我们的分析,并研究不同参数的作用是确定X形形态的形成。这个问题是解决的数值手段,进行三维相对论性磁流体动力学模拟的双向射流传播的三轴密度分布。我们表明,只有与功率$\lesssim 10^{44}$ erg s $^{-1}$的射流可以给起源的X形的形态和射流轴和长轴的密度分布之间的不对准的$30^o$仍然有利于这种形态的形成。此外,我们计算合成无线电发射地图和极化地图。在我们的X形射电源的形成方案中,只有低功率FRII可以给出这种形态的起源。我们的合成发射图表明,X形源的不同观测形态可能是在不同视角下观察到的相似结构的结果。
Does slow and steady win the race? Investigating feedback processes in giant molecular clouds
我们研究了逐渐加热对质量为$2\times 10^6$ M $_\odot$的湍流分子云演化的影响,维里参数在$0.7-1.2$之间。这种逐渐加热代表了来自大质量恒星的风或来自高质量X射线双星(HMXB)的反馈等过程的能量输出,与超新星(SNe)的脉冲能量注入形成对比。对于质量足够高的恒星,它们的寿命短于云的寿命,我们包括SN反馈处方。包括这两种效果,我们调查之间的相互作用慢和快的反馈形式和它们的有效性在触发/抑制恒星形成。我们发现SN反馈可以在气体中雕刻低密度烟囱,为能量逃逸提供最小阻力的路径。一旦发生这种情况,更稳定,但能量较低,渐进的反馈能够保持烟囱打开。通过将热的破坏性气体从云的中心排出,烟囱可以对恒星形成的效率和持续时间产生积极的影响。此外,关键因素是在每个云的自由落体时间内活跃的高质量恒星和SNe(以及任何随后的HMXB)的数量。由于SN延迟时间的随机性和HMXB形成的随机性,这可能会因云而异。然而,我们模拟中的决定性因素是冷却的效率,这可以改变下沉粒子形成所需的金斯质量,以及云中大质量恒星的数量。
Protostellar disks in their natural habitat -- the formation of protostars and their accretion disks in the turbulent and magnetized interstellar medium
Cosmic Ray Feedback in Galactic Disks: Star Formation, Cosmic Ray Transport, and Multiphase Outflows in TIGRESS++ Simulations
Princeton University(普林斯顿大学);University of Florence(佛罗伦萨大学);Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute(韩国天文学与宇宙科学研究所);Flatiron Institute(费迪顿研究所);Columbia University(哥伦比亚大学);Korea Institute for Advanced Study(韩国高等研究院)