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arXiv 1609.02248astro-ph.GAastro-ph.HE
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用全球MHD模拟研究银河系中心的磁活动

Investigating Magnetic Activity in the Galactic Centre by Global MHD Simulation

Takeru K. Suzuki, Yasuo Fukui, Kazufumi Torii, Mami Machida, Ryoji Matsumoto, Kensuke Kakiuchi

摘要:

通过对具有轴对称引力势的银河系进行全球磁流体动力学(MHD)模拟,我们认为空间依赖的磁场放大可能解释了银河系中心(GC)区域气体的非圆运动.在核球区,旋转频率的径向分布一般不是单调的。磁场的放大在具有较强的差旋转的区域中增强,因为磁旋转不稳定性和场线拉伸更有效。放大的磁场的强度达到>~ 0.5 mG,并且气体的径向流动由通过湍流磁场的角动量的不均匀传输激发,该湍流磁场以空间依赖的方式放大。结果表明,模拟的位置-速度图呈现出随时间变化的不对称平行四边形形状,这是由于磁湍流的不对称性造成的;该模型为中心分子区的不对称形状提供了一种替代棒势驱动模型的可行方法.此外,帕克不稳定性(磁浮力)产生垂直的磁性结构,这将对应于观察到的分子环,并经常激发垂直流动。此外,时间平均的净气流是向外的,而流量是高度依赖于时间的,这将有助于从凸起流出。

英文摘要:

By performing a global magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) simulation for the Milky Way with an axisymmetric gravitational potential, we propose that spatially dependent amplification of magnetic fields possibly explains the observed noncircular motion of the gas in the Galactic centre (GC) region. The radial distribution of the rotation frequency in the bulge region is not monotonic in general. The amplification of the magnetic field is enhanced in regions with stronger differential rotation, because magnetorotational instability and field-line stretching are more effective. The strength of the amplified magnetic field reaches >~ 0.5 mG, and radial flows of the gas are excited by the inhomogeneous transport of angular momentum through turbulent magnetic field that is amplified in a spatially dependent manner. As a result, the simulated position-velocity diagram exhibits a time-dependent asymmetric parallelogram-shape owing to the intermittency of the magnetic turbulence; the present model provides a viable alternative to the bar-potential-driven model for the parallelogram shape of the central molecular zone. In addition, Parker instability (magnetic buoyancy) creates vertical magnetic structure, which would correspond to observed molecular loops, and frequently excited vertical flows. Furthermore, the time-averaged net gas flow is directed outward, whereas the flows are highly time dependent, which would contribute to the outflow from the bulge.

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