关于量子态实在性的最佳实验检验
Towards optimal experimental tests on the reality of the quantum state
摘要：
Barrett-Cavalcanti-Lal-Maroney（BCLM）论证是证明量子态实在性的最有效的方法。它的优点包括从很少的假设中推导出来，以及对实验误差的鲁棒性。然而，找到实验上实现这一论点的最佳方法是一个悬而未决的问题，涉及到巧妙地选择状态和测量的集合。我表明，从凸优化理论的技术可以利用数值搜索这些集，然后形成一个配方的实验，允许最强的声明有关的波函数的本体。提出的优化方法是通用的，有效的，并可以考虑到有限的误差存在于任何实际的实验。我发现显着改善的低基数集，保证部分最佳的BCLM测试在低希尔伯特空间维。我进一步表明，混合状态可以比纯状态更优。
英文摘要：
The Barrett-Cavalcanti-Lal-Maroney (BCLM) argument stands as the most effective means of demonstrating the reality of the quantum state. Its advantages include being derived from very few assumptions, and a robustness to experimental error. Finding the best way to implement the argument experimentally is an open problem, however, and involves cleverly choosing sets of states and measurements. I show that techniques from convex optimisation theory can be leveraged to numerically search for these sets, which then form a recipe for experiments that allow for the strongest statements about the ontology of the wavefunction to be made. The optimisation approach presented is versatile, efficient and can take account of the finite errors present in any real experiment. I find significantly improved low-cardinality sets which are guaranteed partially optimal for a BCLM test in low Hilbert space dimension. I further show that mixed states can be more optimal than pure states.
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