空间发展与空间科学的结合是历史性的机遇
Space Development and Space Science Together, an Historic Opportunity
摘要：
国家空间计划有一个历史性的机会，可以帮助解决地球的全球经济和环境问题，同时通过利用空间资源提高科学效率。当太空计划致力于建立太空、采矿和制造业的供应链，然后复制供应链的资产，使其增长到更大的容量时，太空计划将更具成本效益。由于机器人技术和人工智能的进步，这已经成为可能。据粗略估计，开发一个依赖并发展供应链的月球前哨站将花费国家太空计划现有年度预算的1/3或更少。这将需要几十年的持续承诺才能完成，在此期间，科学和探索变得越来越有效。最终，这个航天工业将能够应对全球范围的挑战，包括有限的资源、清洁能源、经济发展和环境保护。其他潜在的解决方案，包括核聚变和陆地可再生能源，并不能解决我们有限的地球的根本问题，而且它们是否不充分或为时已晚也存在真正的问题。虽然太空工业同样不能提供完美的保证，但它能够解决根本问题，这是我们应该抓住的重要机会。这是一个历史性的机会，因为天基解决方案是在现有预算范围内进行空间科学和探索的附带好处。从务实的角度考虑，政策制定者可能需要一段时间才能同意建立一个完整的供应链是一个可以实现的目标，因此本文描述了一个渐进的战略。
英文摘要：
The national space programs have an historic opportunity to help solve the global-scale economic and environmental problems of Earth while becoming more effective at science through the use of space resources. Space programs will be more cost-effective when they work to establish a supply chain in space, mining and manufacturing then replicating the assets of the supply chain so it grows to larger capacity. This has become achievable because of advances in robotics and artificial intelligence. It is roughly estimated that developing a lunar outpost that relies upon and also develops the supply chain will cost about 1/3 or less of the existing annual budgets of the national space programs. It will require a sustained commitment of several decades to complete, during which time science and exploration become increasingly effective. At the end, this space industry will capable of addressing global-scale challenges including limited resources, clean energy, economic development, and preservation of the environment. Other potential solutions, including nuclear fusion and terrestrial renewable energy sources, do not address the root problem of our limited globe and there are real questions whether they will be inadequate or too late. While industry in space likewise cannot provide perfect assurance, it is uniquely able to solve the root problem, and it gives us an important chance that we should grasp. What makes this such an historic opportunity is that the space-based solution is obtainable as a side-benefit of doing space science and exploration within their existing budgets. Thinking pragmatically, it may take some time for policymakers to agree that setting up a complete supply chain is an achievable goal, so this paper describes a strategy of incremental progress.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
