产生一个新的超新星状态方程：冷混合星的系统分析
Towards generating a new supernova equation of state: A systematic analysis of cold hybrid stars
摘要：
核心坍缩超新星（CCSNe）中的强子-夸克相变有可能在其他非爆炸模型中引发爆炸。然而，这些混合超新星状态方程（EOS）显示，触发爆炸不支持观测2 M $_\odot$中子星的最大质量约束。在这项工作中，我们分析了冷混合星的相变性质的系统参数扫描的手段，旨在开发一个新的混合超新星物态方程。强子相用最先进的超新星EOS HS（DD 2）描述，夸克物质用恒定声速（CSS）$c_{QM}^2=1/3$描述。我们发现有前途的情况下，满足2 M $_\odot$标准，是有趣的CCSN爆炸。我们表明，非常简单的CSS EOS是转移到著名的热力学袋模型，重要的CCSN模拟未来的应用。在第二部分中，讨论了细化和多次相变的发生。第四部分研究了超子对参数扫描的影响。包括超子的一般行为没有变化，除了整体较低的最大质量。在这两种情况下（有和没有超子），我们发现，夸克物质与$c_{QM}^2=1/3$可以增加最大质量，只有当约束被抑制，或者如果夸克物质是绝对稳定的。
英文摘要：
The hadron-quark phase transition in core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) has the potential to trigger explosions in otherwise nonexploding models. However, those hybrid supernova equations of state (EOS) shown to trigger an explosion do not support the observational 2 M$_\odot$ neutron star maximum mass constraint. In this work, we analyze cold hybrid stars by the means of a systematic parameter scan for the phase transition properties, with the aim to develop a new hybrid supernova EOS. The hadronic phase is described with the state-of-the-art supernova EOS HS(DD2), and quark matter by an EOS with a constant speed of sound (CSS) of $c_{QM}^2=1/3$. We find promising cases which meet the 2 M$_\odot$ criterion and are interesting for CCSN explosions. We show that the very simple CSS EOS is transferable into the well-known thermodynamic bag model, important for future application in CCSN simulations. In the second part, the occurrence of reconfinement and multiple phase transitions is discussed. In the last part, the influence of hyperons in our parameter scan is studied. Including hyperons no change in the general behavior is found, except for overall lower maximum masses. In both cases (with and without hyperons) we find that quark matter with $c_{QM}^2=1/3$ can increase the maximum mass only if reconfinement is suppressed or if quark matter is absolutely stable.
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