从MESSENGER轨道立体成像到高分辨率水星全球地形--H6四边形“柯伊伯”的原型模型
Towards High-Resolution Mercury Global Topography from MESSENGER Orbital Stereo Imaging - A Prototype Model for the H6 Quadrangle "Kuiper"
摘要：
我们选择了大约10，500个窄角相机（NAC）和广角相机（WAC）立体图像，这些图像是由信使号航天器在其轨道任务期间获得的，平均分辨率为150米/像素，以计算所谓的H6四边形（柯伊伯）的数字地形模型（DTM），该四边形在22.5°S到22.5°N和288.0°E到360.0°E之间延伸。在这些图像中，我们识别了大约21，100个立体图像组合，每个组合至少由3个图像组成。我们应用稀疏多图像匹配来获得代表50，000个地面点的大约250，000个连接点。我们使用的连接点进行摄影测量块调整，这提高了图像指向和（3D）地面点的精度从约850米到约55米。随后，我们应用高密度（逐像素）多图像匹配来获得约450亿个连接点。受益于改进的图像指向数据，我们计算了大约63亿个表面点。通过插值，我们生成了一个DEM的横向间距为221.7米/像素（192像素每度）和垂直精度约30米。比较的DEM与水星激光高度计（MLA）的轨道获得了4年的信使号的操作显示，DEM的几何形状非常刚性。它可以作为一个参考，以确定MLA离群值（当MLA在测距极限运行时）或映射激光高度计轨道的偏移，可能是由剩余的航天器轨道和姿态误差引起的。经过相关的异常值去除和校正，MLA剖面与H6的地形剖面显示出极好的一致性，均方根高度差仅为88 m。
英文摘要：
We selected approximately 10,500 Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) and Wide-Angle Camera (WAC) stereo images obtained by the MESSENGER spacecraft during its orbital mission with average resolutions of 150 m/pixel to compute a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) for the so-called H6 quadrangle (Kuiper), extending between 22.5°S to 22.5°N and 288.0°E to 360.0°E. Among the images, we identified about 21,100 stereo image combinations with each combination consisting of at least 3 images. We applied sparse multi-image matching to derive approximately 250,000 tie-points representing 50,000 ground points. We used the tie-points to carry out a photogrammetric block adjustment, which improves the image pointing and the accuracy of (3D) ground points from about 850 m to approximately 55 m. Subsequently, we applied high density (pixel-by-pixel) multi-image matching to derive about 45 billion tie-points. Benefitting from improved image pointing data, we compute about 6.3 billion surface points. By interpolation, we generated a DEM with a lateral spacing of 221.7 m/pixel (192 pixels per degree) and a vertical accuracy of about 30 m. The comparison of the DEM with the Mercury Laser Altimeter (MLA) tracks obtained over 4 years of MESSENGER operation reveals that the DEM is geometrically very rigid. It may be used as a reference to identify MLA outliers (when MLA operating at ranging limit) or to map offsets of laser altimeter tracks, presumably caused by residual spacecraft orbit and attitude errors. After the relevant outlier removal and corrections, MLA profiles show excellent agreement with topographic profiles from H6 with root mean square height difference of only 88 m.
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