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arXiv 1608.07933astro-ph.EP
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67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko彗星后发座下部分米级聚集体的加速

Acceleration of Individual, Decimetre-sized Aggregates in the Lower Coma of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

J. Agarwal, M. F. A'Hearn, J. -B. Vincent, C. Guettler, S. Hoefner, H. Sierks, C. Tubiana, C. Barbieri, P. L. Lamy, R. Rodrigo, D. Koschny, H. Rickman, M. A. Ba… 展开作者

J. Agarwal, M. F. A'Hearn, J. -B. Vincent, C. Guettler, S. Hoefner, H. Sierks, C. Tubiana, C. Barbieri, P. L. Lamy, R. Rodrigo, D. Koschny, H. Rickman, M. A. Barucci, J. -L. Bertaux, I. Bertini, S. Boudreault, G. Cremonese, V. Da Deppo, B. Davidsson, S. Debei, M. De Cecco, J. Deller, S. Fornasier, M. Fulle, A. Gicquel, O. Groussin, P. J. Gutierrez, M. Hofmann, S. F. Hviid, W. -H. Ip, L. Jorda, H. U. Keller, J. Knollenberg, J. -R. Kramm, E. Kuehrt, M. Kueppers, L. M. Lara, M. Lazzarin, J. J. Lopez Moreno, F. Marzari, G. Naletto, N. Oklay, X. Shi, N. Thomas

摘要:

我们提出了OSIRIS/NAC观测分米大小的,可能含冰的聚集体从彗星67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko表面上的一个封闭区域喷射。这些图像是在2016年1月获得的,当时彗星距离太阳2 AU,从近日点出发。我们通过两个小时的图像系列来测量单个集合体的加速度。大约50%的聚集体被加速远离核,50%朝向核,并且同样朝向任一水平方向。加速度比当地重力强一个数量级,最简单的解释是气体阻力加速所有聚集体向上的综合效应,以及来自不对称放气的反冲力,无论是来自旋转聚集体的随机取向的自旋轴和足够的热惯性,以转移温度最大值远离聚集体的太阳下区域,或来自具有可变冰含量的聚集体。至少有10%的聚集体会逃离彗核的重力场,并进入彗星的碎片轨迹,而其他的聚集体可能会落回彗星表面,并形成覆盖北半球部分地区的沉积物。火箭力在将这些聚集体推回表面方面起着至关重要的作用。我们的观测显示了未来在喷射过程中的回落物质,并提供了彗星最里面的彗发(<2公里)中聚集体加速度的第一个直接测量,其中气体阻力仍然很大。

英文摘要:

We present OSIRIS/NAC observations of decimetre-sized, likely ice-containing aggregates ejected from a confined region on the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The images were obtained in January 2016 when the comet was at 2 AU from the Sun out-bound from perihelion. We measure the acceleration of individual aggregates through a two-hour image series. Approximately 50% of the aggregates are accelerated away from the nucleus, and 50% towards it, and likewise towards either horizontal direction. The accelerations are up to one order of magnitude stronger than local gravity, and are most simply explained by the combined effect of gas drag accelerating all aggregates upwards, and the recoil force from asymmetric outgassing, either from rotating aggregates with randomly oriented spin axes and sufficient thermal inertia to shift the temperature maximum away from an aggregate's subsolar region, or from aggregates with variable ice content. At least 10% of the aggregates will escape the gravity field of the nucleus and feed the comet's debris trail, while others may fall back to the surface and contribute to the deposits covering parts of the northern hemisphere. The rocket force plays a crucial role in pushing these aggregates back towards the surface. Our observations show the future back fall material in the process of ejection, and provide the first direct measurement of the acceleration of aggregates in the innermost coma (<2km) of a comet, where gas drag is still significant.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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