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arXiv 1608.07792cs.LO
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广义归结证明模式与鸽子洞原理

A Generalized Resolution Proof Schema and the Pigeonhole Principle

David M. Cerna

摘要:

CERES方法是一种对证明模式进行割消的方法,证明模式是一个递归构造的证明序列。证明图式可以被认为是一种规避将归纳规则添加到LK-演算的方法。在这项工作中,我们形式化的无穷鸽子洞原理(IPP)的示意性版本,在LKS演算,并分析提取的子句集模式。然而,我们发现的反驳不能表示为一个归结证明模式,因为没有明确的排序索引递归的条款,每一个排序是在反驳中使用。有趣的是,子句集和它的反驳非常接近于在LK-证明的割消中发现的规范形式。不能处理这种形式的反驳是有问题的,因为证明模式在实例化时是LK证明。基于我们的反驳和结构的结果的结构,我们开发了一个广义的决议证明模式的基础上递归的一种特殊类型的列表,并提供了一个反驳,使用我们的推广,条款集提取我们的形式证明IPP。我们还从反驳中提取了一个Herbrand系统。

英文摘要:

The schematic CERES method is a method of cut elimination for proof schemata, that is a sequence of proofs with a recursive construction. Proof schemata can be thought of as a way to circumvent the addition of an induction rule to the LK-calculus. In this work, we formalize a schematic version of the Infinitary Pigeonhole Principle (IPP), in the LKS-calculus, and analyse the extracted clause set schema. However, the refutation we find cannot be expressed as a resolution proof schema because there is no clear ordering of the terms indexing the recursion, every ordering is used in the refutation. Interesting enough, the clause set and its refutation is very close to a canonical form found in cut elimination of LK-proofs. Not being able to handle refutations of this form is problematic in that proof schema, when instantiated, are LK-proofs. Based on the structure of our refutation and structural results, we develop a generalized resolution proof schema based on recursion over a special type of list, and provide a refutation, using our generalization, of the clause set extracted from our formal proof of IPP. We also extract a Herbrand System from the refutation.

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