arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv周末暂无论文更新,休息一下吧,周末愉快~~
arXiv 1608.06385astro-ph.IM
收藏

用于天文和大气观测的气球UV实验

Balloon UV Experiments for Astronomical and Atmospheric Observations

A. G. Sreejith, Joice Mathew, Mayuresh Sarpotdar, K. Nirmal, S. Ambily, Ajin Prakash, Margarita Safonova, Jayant Murthy

摘要:

紫外线(UV)窗口在很大程度上尚未通过天文学气球进行探索。我们在这里讨论了一个紧凑的近紫外光谱仪与纤维光学输入气球轻的发展。这是一个修改后的车尔尼-特纳系统,使用现成的组件构建。该系统是便携式的,可扩展到不同的望远镜。反射光学器件的使用减少了UV中的传输损耗。它采用图像增强CMOS传感器,在光子计数模式下工作,作为首选探测器。本文还讨论了为稳定地瞄准观测天文源而研制的轻型瞄准系统,以及提高其精度的方法,如使用自制的星敏感器等。我们的主要科学目标包括观测太阳系中明亮的天体,如肉眼可见的彗星、月球和行星。对行星的研究可以为我们提供有关行星极光的宝贵信息,有助于对其他行星和地球的大气进行建模和比较。另一个主要目标是研究漫射紫外线大气排放特征(气辉线)和痕量气体的柱密度。这个紫外窗口包括几条对大气化学很重要的谱线,例如SO2、O3、HCHO、BrO。光谱仪能够同时测量各种痕量气体,并且与机电痕量气体测量探头相比,在更高的海拔高度提供更好的精度。这些线污染了大多数天文观测,但特征很差。其他目标可能包括大气层中的精灵和高空燃烧产生的流星灰烬。我们最近的实验和观察与高空气球进行了讨论。

英文摘要:

The ultraviolet (UV) window has been largely unexplored through balloons for astronomy. We discuss here the development of a compact near-UV spectrograph with fiber optics input for balloon ights. It is a modified Czerny-Turner system built using off-the-shelf components. The system is portable and scalable to different telescopes. The use of re ecting optics reduces the transmission loss in the UV. It employs an image-intensified CMOS sensor, operating in photon counting mode, as the detector of choice. A lightweight pointing system developed for stable pointing to observe astronomical sources is also discussed, together with the methods to improve its accuracy, e.g. using the in-house build star sensor and others. Our primary scientific objectives include the observation of bright Solar System objects such as visible to eye comets, Moon and planets. Studies of planets can give us valuable information about the planetary aurorae, helping to model and compare atmospheres of other planets and the Earth. The other major objective is to look at the diffuse UV atmospheric emission features (airglow lines), and at column densities of trace gases. This UV window includes several lines important to atmospheric chemistry, e.g. SO2, O3, HCHO, BrO. The spectrograph enables simultaneous measurement of various trace gases, as well as provides better accuracy at higher altitudes compared to electromechanical trace gas measurement sondes. These lines contaminate most astronomical observations but are poorly characterized. Other objectives may include sprites in the atmosphere and meteor ashes from high altitude burn-outs. Our recent experiments and observations with high-altitude balloons are discussed.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑