抽运近似可积系统
Pumping approximately integrable systems
摘要：
弱扰动可以驱动一个相互作用的多粒子系统远离它的初始平衡态，如果一个人能够泵到自由度近似保护的守恒定律。这个概念例如已经被用于实现光子、磁振子和激子的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体。可积量子系统，如一维海森堡模型，其特征在于一组无限的守恒定律。在这里，我们开发了一个弱驱动的可积系统的理论，并表明，即使在可积性破坏扰动的存在下，泵浦可以诱导大的自旋或热流，因为它激活本地和准本地近似守恒量。由此产生的稳态定性捕获截断广义吉布斯系综与拉格朗日参数，依赖于结构，但不对扰动的整体幅度，也不是初始状态。我们建议利用太赫兹辐射驱动的自旋链材料来实现基于可积性的自旋泵和热泵。
英文摘要：
Weak perturbations can drive an interacting many-particle system far from its initial equilibrium state if one is able to pump into degrees of freedom approximately protected by conservation laws. This concept has for example been used to realize Bose-Einstein condensates of photons, magnons, and excitons. Integrable quantum systems, like the one-dimensional Heisenberg model, are characterized by an infinite set of conservation laws. Here we develop a theory of weakly driven integrable systems and show that pumping can induce large spin or heat currents even in the presence of integrability breaking perturbations, since it activates local and quasi-local approximate conserved quantities. The resulting steady state is qualitatively captured by a truncated generalized Gibbs ensemble with Lagrange parameters that depend on the structure but not on the overall amplitude of perturbations nor the initial state. We suggest to use spin-chain materials driven by terahertz radiation to realize integrability-based spin and heat pumps.
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