航天器重力梯度张量特征分解定位
Gravity Gradient Tensor Eigendecomposition for Spacecraft Positioning
摘要：
本文提出了一种基于GGT反演的航天器定位新方法。首先在梯度仪参考系（GRF）中测量重力梯度张量，然后通过姿态信息以及地球自转参数将其转换到地心地固（ECEF）坐标系。基于GGT的特征值和特征向量是观测位置球坐标的简单特定函数，引入矩阵特征分解，将GGT直接转化为位置。而不需要初始位置。与惯性导航辅助策略不同，不需要对航天器位置进行预测或初步猜测。该方法利用J2重力模型，适用于空间导航，其中可以忽略较高频率地形对GGT信号的贡献。
英文摘要：
In this Note, a new approach to spacecraft positioning based on GGT inversion is presented. The gravity gradient tensor is initially measured in the gradiometer reference frame (GRF) and then transformed to the Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed (ECEF) frame via attitude information as well as Earth rotation parameters. Matrix Eigen-Decomposition is introduced to directly translate GGT into position based on the fact that the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of GGT are simplespecific functions of spherical coordinates of the observation position. without the need of an initial position. Unlike the strategy of inertial navigation aiding, no prediction or first guess of the spacecraft position is needed. The method makes use of the J2 gravity model, and is suitable for space navigation where higher frequency terrain contributions to the GGT signals can be neglected.
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