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arXiv 1608.01733astro-ph.IM
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用于中间Palomar瞬态工厂的IPAC图像减影和发现管道

The IPAC Image Subtraction and Discovery Pipeline for the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory

Frank Masci, Russ Laher, Umaa Rebbapragada, Gary Doran, Adam Miller, Eric Bellm, Mansi Kasliwal, Eran Ofek, Jason Surace, David Shupe, Carl Grillmair, Ed Jackso… 展开作者

Frank Masci, Russ Laher, Umaa Rebbapragada, Gary Doran, Adam Miller, Eric Bellm, Mansi Kasliwal, Eran Ofek, Jason Surace, David Shupe, Carl Grillmair, Ed Jackson, Tom Barlow, Lin Yan, Yi Cao, S. Bradley Cenko, Lisa Storrie-Lombardi, George Helou, Thomas Prince, Shrinivas Kulkarni

摘要:

我们描述了近实时瞬态源发现引擎的中间帕洛玛瞬态工厂(iPTF),目前在加州理工学院的红外处理和分析中心(IPAC)的操作。我们将这个系统称为IPAC/iPTF发现引擎(或IDE)。我们回顾了用于PSF匹配,图像相减,检测,光度测定和机器学习(ML)审查提取的瞬态候选人的算法。我们还回顾了我们的ML分类器的性能。对于相对未混淆区域中的4的限制性信噪比,来自处理伪影和不完美图像减法的“假”候选者的数量超过真实瞬变的数量约10:1。对于具有不准确的天体测量和/或PSF匹配解决方案的图像数据,这可能会相当高。尽管这种偶尔的高污染率,ML分类器能够识别真正的瞬变,效率(或完整性)约为97%,最大可容忍的假阳性率为1%,当分类原始候选人。所有减影图像指标、源特征、基于ML概率的真假分数、来自其他调查的上下文元数据以及与已知太阳系天体的可能关联都存储在关系数据库中,供各个科学工作组检索。我们回顾了我们在减少假阳性方面所做的努力,以及我们在优化整个系统以应对iPTF正在进行的大量科学项目方面的经验。

英文摘要:

We describe the near real-time transient-source discovery engine for the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF), currently in operations at the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC), Caltech. We coin this system the IPAC/iPTF Discovery Engine (or IDE). We review the algorithms used for PSF-matching, image subtraction, detection, photometry, and machine-learned (ML) vetting of extracted transient candidates. We also review the performance of our ML classifier. For a limiting signal-to-noise ratio of 4 in relatively unconfused regions, "bogus" candidates from processing artifacts and imperfect image subtractions outnumber real transients by ~ 10:1. This can be considerably higher for image data with inaccurate astrometric and/or PSF-matching solutions. Despite this occasionally high contamination rate, the ML classifier is able to identify real transients with an efficiency (or completeness) of ~ 97% for a maximum tolerable false-positive rate of 1% when classifying raw candidates. All subtraction-image metrics, source features, ML probability-based real-bogus scores, contextual metadata from other surveys, and possible associations with known Solar System objects are stored in a relational database for retrieval by the various science working groups. We review our efforts in mitigating false-positives and our experience in optimizing the overall system in response to the multitude of science projects underway with iPTF.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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