用于常规样品表征的实验室von Hámos X射线光谱
Laboratory von Hámos X-ray Spectroscopy for Routine Sample Characterization
摘要：
高能量分辨率、硬X射线光谱是物质电子和局部结构的强有力的元素选择性探针，在化学、物理、生物和材料科学中具有不同的应用。这些技术的常规应用受到同步辐射设施的复杂和缓慢的影响。本文提出了一种新的、经济的、易于操作的实验室高分辨率von Hámos型X射线谱仪，它能提供X射线吸收的快速透射实验，也能记录X射线发射谱。圆柱形分析晶体和位置敏感探测器的使用使我们能够以低运营成本构建免维护、灵活的设置，同时在合理的采集时间内提供同步加速器级信噪比测量。我们证明了这两种测量类型的原则和例子。最后，跟踪了几天的化学转化，一个更适合于实验室比同步加速器调查的情况下，也提出。
英文摘要：
High energy resolution, hard X-ray spectroscopies are powerful element selective probes of the electronic and local structure of matter, with diverse applications in chemistry, physics, biology and materials science. The routine application of these techniques is hindered by the complicated and slow access to synchrotron radiation facilities. Here we propose a new, economic, easily operated laboratory high resolution von Hámos type X-ray spectrometer, which offers rapid transmission experiments for X-ray absorption, and is also capable of recording X-ray emission spectra. The use of a cylindrical analyzer crystal and a position sensitive detector enabled us to build a maintenance free, flexible setup with low operational costs, while delivering synchrotron grade signal to noise measurements in reasonable acquisition times. We demonstrate the proof of principle and give examples for both measurement types. Finally, tracking of a several day long chemical transformation, a case better suited for laboratory than synchrotron investigation, is also presented.
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