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arXiv 1607.06567nucl-th
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相对论原子核结构模型中的自旋轨道相互作用

Spin-orbit interaction in relativistic nuclear structure models

J. -P. Ebran, A. Mutschler, E. Khan, D. Vretenar

摘要:

相对论性自洽平均场(SCMF)模型自然地解释了核子自旋与其轨道运动的耦合,而非相对论性SCMF方法则需要对有效自旋轨道势进行唯象分析。最近的实验研究旨在探索原子核中有效自旋轨道相互作用的同位旋性质。SCMF模型在解释相应数据时非常有用,然而标准相对论平均场和非相对论Hartree-Fock模型使用具有不同等矢量性质的有效自旋轨道势,主要是因为交换贡献在前者中没有明确处理。分析了交换项对相对论平均场模型中有效自旋-轨道势的影响,结果表明,交换项导致了与标准非相对论Hartree-Fock模型中所用的等矢量结构相似的等矢量结构.球形核中自旋轨道分裂的同位旋依赖性数据可以用来约束相对论平均场模型的等矢标量通道。再现的经验扭结的同位素位移,甚至铅核的相对论有效的相互作用点的发生在这些核的单中子谱的赝自旋对称性。

英文摘要:

Relativistic self-consistent mean-field (SCMF) models naturally account for the coupling of the nucleon spin to its orbital motion, whereas non-relativistic SCMF methods necessitate a phenomenological ansatz for the effective spin-orbit potential. Recent experimental studies aim to explore the isospin properties of the effective spin-orbit interaction in nuclei. SCMF models are very useful in the interpretation of the corresponding data, however standard relativistic mean-field and non-relativistic Hartree-Fock models use effective spin-orbit potentials with different isovector properties, mainly because exchange contributions are not treated explicitly in the former. The impact of exchange terms on the effective spin-orbit potential in relativistic mean-field models is analysed, and it is shown that it leads to an isovector structure similar to the one used in standard non-relativistic Hartree-Fock. Data on the isospin dependence of spin-orbit splittings in spherical nuclei could be used to constrain the isovector-scalar channel of relativistic mean-field models. The reproduction of the empirical kink in the isotope shifts of even Pb nuclei by relativistic effective interactions points to the occurrence of pseudospin symmetry in the single-neutron spectra in these nuclei.

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