The combination of electronic correlations and Fermi surfaces with multiple nesting vectors can lead to the appearance of complex multi-Q magnetic ground states, hosting unusual states such as chiral density-waves and quantum Hall insulators. Distinguishing single-Q and multi-Q magnetic phases is however a notoriously difficult experimental problem. Here we propose theoretically that the local density of states near a magnetic impurity, whose orientation may be controlled by an external magnetic field, can be used to map out the detailed magnetic configuration of an itinerant system and distinguish unambiguously between single-Q and multi-Q phases. We demonstrate this concept by computing and contrasting the LDOS near a magnetic impurity embedded in three different magnetic ground states relevant to iron-based superconductors -- one single-Q and two double-Q phases. Our results open a promising avenue to investigate complex magnetic configurations in itinerant systems via standard scanning tunneling spectroscopy, without requiring spin-resolved capability.
The dual nature of magnetism in a uranium heavy fermion system
在$5\textit{f}$电子系统中,磁性的定域性和巡游性之间的二元性一直是一个长期存在的难题。在这里,我们报告的非弹性中子散射测量,这揭示了本地和巡回方面的磁性在一个单晶系统的UPt $_{2}$ Si $_{2}$。在反铁磁状态下,我们观察到广泛的连续的扩散磁散射与$\approx$ 7 meV的共振间隙,并令人惊讶的相干自旋波的情况下,巡回磁性的暗示。当Neel温度以上的间隙关闭时,强的动态自旋相关持续到高温。然而,总磁谱权重的大小和温度依赖性可以很好地描述与$J=4$的本地矩。此外,极化中子测量显示,磁波动主要是横向的,很少或根本没有预期的巡游时刻的纵向分量。这些结果表明,本地和巡回磁性的双重描述,需要了解UPt $_{2}$ Si $_{2}$,并通过扩展,其他5 $f$系统一般。
通过理论计算了解了CuFe $_2$ Ge $_2$的电子结构和磁性.能带结构显示出费米能级的大电子密度$N(E_F)$,表明磁性具有较强的巡游特征。费米面主要由二维片状结构组成,它们之间可能有很强的嵌套。磁基态沿$a$方向表现为铁磁,沿其它方向表现为反铁磁。结果表明,CuFe $_2$ Ge $_2$是一种反铁磁金属,具有铁基超导体的相似之处,如磁性具有明显的巡游特征,在费米能级处磁序与电子耦合.
Itinerant effects and enhanced magnetic interactions in Bi-based multilayer cuprates
铜酸盐高温超导体表现出明显的趋势,其中超导转变温度$T_{\rm c}$随着晶体结构中CuO $_2$平面的数目$n$而增加。我们用Cu $L_3$ -边共振非弹性X射线散射(RIXS)比较了Bi $_{2+x}$ Sr $_{2-x}$ CuO $_{6+δ}$(Bi-2201)和Bi $_2$ Sr $_2$ Ca $_2$ Cu $_3$ O $_{10 + δ}$(Bi-2223)分别与$n=1$和$n=3$的磁激发谱。在反结区边界附近,我们发现Bi-2223的顺磁子能量显著高于Bi-2201,表明多层铜氧化物具有更强的有效磁交换作用,这为$T_{\rm c}$与Bi-2201的磁交换效应提供了可能的解释。$n$缩放。相反,节点方向表现出非常强的阻尼,几乎非色散激励。我们认为,这意味着在掺杂铜酸盐的磁性是部分巡回性质。