磁场中的蜂窝晶格海森堡-基塔耶夫模型：自旋倾斜、变磁性和涡旋晶体
Honeycomb-lattice Heisenberg-Kitaev model in a magnetic field: Spin canting, metamagnetism, and vortex crystals
摘要：
Heisenberg-Kitaev模型是描述具有强自旋轨道耦合的蜂窝晶格莫特绝缘体（如A $_2$、IrO $_3$（A = Na，Li）和$α$ $_3$）磁性的典范模型。在这里，我们详细研究了海森伯-基塔耶夫模型在外部磁场中的物理性质。利用蒙特卡罗模拟和自旋波理论相结合，我们绘制了不同方向的磁场的经典相图。SU（2）自旋对称性的破缺使得磁化过程相当复杂，有相位序列和变磁跃迁。特别是，我们发现了各种大的单胞和多Q相位，包括在[111]方向上的场的涡旋晶体相位。我们还讨论了在高场阶段的量子修正。
英文摘要：
The Heisenberg-Kitaev model is a paradigmatic model to describe the magnetism in honeycomb-lattice Mott insulators with strong spin-orbit coupling, such as A$_2$IrO$_3$ (A = Na, Li) and $α$-RuCl$_3$. Here we study in detail the physics of the Heisenberg-Kitaev model in an external magnetic field. Using a combination of Monte-Carlo simulations and spin-wave theory we map out the classical phase diagram for different directions of the magnetic field. Broken SU(2) spin symmetry renders the magnetization process rather complex, with sequences of phases and metamagnetic transitions. In particular, we find various large-unit-cell and multi-Q phases including a vortex-crystal phase for a field in the [111] direction. We also discuss quantum corrections in the high-field phase.
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