石墨烯纳米凝胶中的巨电流变现象
Mega electrorheological phenomena in graphene nanogels
摘要：
已经报道了基于稀石墨烯纳米片的ER流体的前所未有的大规模电流变，所述ER流体已经被设计为新型的、易于合成的聚合物凝胶。已经合成了基于聚乙二醇的石墨烯凝胶，并且对于低浓度系统2wt.百分之该凝胶克服了ER流体固有的几个缺点。凝胶表现出长期稳定性、高石墨烯填充比（其确保非常高的ER响应）和凝胶的微结构确保石墨烯纳米片在场下的原纤化不受热波动的干扰，进一步导致兆ER。凝胶表现出大的屈服应力处理口径，在2wt. perc.石墨烯。详细研究了石墨烯浓度、电场强度、外加剪切阻力和电场激励瞬态对凝胶电流变响应的影响。凝胶显示出几乎可以忽略不计的滞后相对于电粘滞效应，这说明在瞬态情况下所需的稳定性和响应性。已提供了深入的分析与解释的意见和影响，如表过度拥挤引起的结构完整性损失在高浓度和片间润滑或滑动引起的增强ER响应。目前的凝胶显示出巨大的前景，作为潜在的ER凝胶的各种智能应用，如阻尼和振动控制的主动飞机和车辆结构，微纳米电致动，在高性能专用车辆系统的悬架或制动离合等。
英文摘要：
Unprecedentedly massive electrorheology has been reported for dilute graphene nanoflakes based ER fluids that have been engineered as novel, readily synthesizable polymeric gels. Polyethylene glycol based graphene gels have been synthesized and very high ER response, 25,000 percent enhancement in viscosity under influence of electric field, has been observed for low concentration systems 2 wt. percent. The gels overcome several drawbacks innate to ER fluids. The gels exhibit long term stability, high graphene packing ratio which ensures very high ER response and the microstructure of the gels ensure that fibrillation of the graphene nanoflakes under field is undisturbed by thermal fluctuations, further leading to mega ER. The gels exhibit large yield stress handling caliber with yield stress observed as high as 13 kPa at 2 wt. perc. graphene. Detailed investigations on the effects of graphene concentration, electric field strength, imposed shear resistance and transients of electric field actuation on the ER response of the gels have been performed. The gels show nearly negligible hysteresis with respect to electro viscous effects which speak of the stability and responsiveness required in transient situations. Indepth analyses with explanations have been provided for the observations and effects, such as sheet over-crowding induced loss of structural integrity at high concentrations and inter flake lubrication or slip induced augmented ER response. The present gels show great promise as potential ER gels for variant smart applications, such as damping and vibration control in active aircraft and vehicle structures, micronanoscale electroactuation, in suspensions or braking clutching in high performance specialized vehicular systems, etc.
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