空间天气对NOAA POES质子探测器退化的影响
Space Weather impact on the degradation of NOAA POES MEPED proton detectors
摘要：
众所周知，美国国家海洋和大气管理局极轨环境卫星（NOAA POES）上的中能质子和电子探测器（MEPED）会随着时间的推移而退化。近年来，人们在退化质子探测器的标定方面做了大量的工作。我们利用以前的工作，并表明探测器的退化可以归因于每个单独的仪器的辐射剂量。然而，当用平均$\textit{ap}$指数加权时，辐射在降低探测器性能方面的有效性被调制，在地磁活动高的时期提高降低率，在地磁活动低的时期降低降低率。当考虑$\textit{ap}$和辐射剂量时，我们发现退化率与航天器和探测器指向方向无关。我们已经开发了一个模型来估计作为累积校正通量和$\textit{ap}$指数的函数的所有MEPED探测器的校正因子。我们应用程序的NOAA POES航天器开始NOAA-15，包括欧洲卫星MetOp-02和MetOp-01，并估计校正因子。
英文摘要：
The Medium Energy Proton and Electron Detector (MEPED) on board the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites (NOAA POES) is known to degrade with time. In recent years a lot of effort has been put into calibrating the degraded proton detectors. We make use of previous work and show that the degradation of the detectors can be attributed to the radiation dose of each individual instrument. However, the effectiveness of the radiation in degrading the detector is modulated when it is weighted by the mean $\textit{ap}$ index, increasing the degradation rate in periods with high geomagnetic activity, and decreasing it through periods of low activity. When taking $\textit{ap}$ and the radiation dose into account, we find that the degradation rate is independent of spacecraft and detector pointing direction. We have developed a model to estimate the correction factor for all the MEPED detectors as a function of accumulated corrected flux and the $\textit{ap}$ index. We apply the routine to NOAA POES spacecraft starting with NOAA-15, including the European satellites MetOp-02 and MetOp-01, and estimate correction factors.
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