有耗收发机连续空间电磁信道的容量
Capacity of Continuous-Space Electromagnetic Channels with Lossy Transceiver
摘要：
本文分析了收发机被限制在给定损耗区域内的连续空间电磁信道的容量。首先，限制收发器的区域被假设为填充有电介质，其是有损耗的或无损耗的。然后，对于容量分析，我们使用考虑到场与源之间的电磁相互作用的精确功耗。此外，在接收端采用了严格的噪声模型，该模型是根据热力学中的涨落耗散定理建立的。我们工作的贡献总结如下。首先，我们表征的信道容量作为一个功能的大小和物理性质的区域限制收发器和分析显示如何辐射效率影响的能力。我们还表明，在发送侧的传出信道和接收侧的传入信道是信息理论上等效的，因此，这两个信道的容量是相同的。此外，还从理论上推导了与带宽成反比的品质因数，并分析了信道空间自由度与品质因数的关系。此外，我们考虑了功率消耗是如何受到后向散射波的影响，并通过解决品质因数约束的增益优化问题，将最近的实验演示与我们的工作进行了比较。
英文摘要：
In this paper, the capacity of continuous-space electromagnetic channels, where transceivers are confined in given lossy regions, is analyzed. First of all, the regions confining the transceivers are assumed to be filled with dielectric, which is either lossy or lossless. Then, for capacity analysis, we use the exact power consumption that takes into account the electromagnetic interaction between the field and the source. In addition, the exact noise model followed from the fluctuation-dissipation theorem in thermodynamics is used at the receive side. The contribution of our work is summarized as follows. First, we characterize the channel capacity as a function of the size and the physical property of the regions confining the transceivers and analytically show how the radiation efficiency affects the capacity. We also show that the outgoing channel at the transmit side and the incoming channel at the receive side are information-theoretically equivalent, and thus, the capacities of both channels are the same. Additionally, the quality factor, which is inversely proportional to the bandwidth, is theoretically derived, and the relationship between the spatial degrees of freedom of the channel and the quality factor is analyzed. Besides, we consider how the power consumption is affected by the backscattered waves and compare the recent experimental demonstration with our work by solving the gain-optimization problem with the constraint on the quality factor.
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