氯胺酮-美托咪定麻醉诱导期间大规模功能性脑网络社区结构的表征
Characterization of the Community Structure of Large-Scale Functional Brain Networks During Ketamine-Medetomidine Anesthetic Induction
AI总结：
本研究通过颅内记录猴脑在氯胺酮-美托咪定麻醉诱导中的活动，发现社区结构从清醒时的额顶大簇转变为麻醉时的初级视觉和运动皮层社区，揭示了麻醉对功能网络模块化的影响。
摘要：
神经科学的主要目标之一是理解生物体的认知能力或生理状态如何可能与涉及多个脑结构和皮层区域相互作用的脑活动相关。功能性脑网络的一个关键特征是它们具有模块化结构，这种模块化架构被认为解释了一系列特性和功能动态。在神经生物学背景下，社区可能指示参与相同活动的脑区域，代表神经分离的过程。多项研究已证明脑活动组织的模块化特征。然而，关于其动态及其与不同意识水平的关系的经验证据尚未见报道。在此背景下，本研究旨在表征麻醉诱导过程中功能性脑网络的社区结构。实验基于对一只旧世界猴（Macaca fuscata 种）在氯胺酮-美托咪定麻醉诱导过程中的神经活动的颅内记录。在施用麻醉剂后约一分半钟内观察到变化，揭示了社区结构的转变。清醒状态的特征是涉及额叶和顶叶区域的大簇。相比之下，麻醉状态以初级视觉和运动皮层中的社区存在为标志，而次级联合皮层区域受影响最大。结果报告了全身麻醉对功能簇结构的影响，有助于理解意识神经关联的一些新方面。
英文摘要：
One of the main goals of neuroscience is to understand how an organism's cognitive capacities or physiological states are potentially related to brain activities that involve the interaction of multiple brain structures and cortical areas. A key feature of functional brain networks is that they are modularly structured, and this modular architecture is regarded as accounting for a range of properties and functional dynamics. In the neurobiological context, communities may indicate brain regions involved in the same activity, representing neural-segregated processes. Several studies have demonstrated the modular character of the organization of brain activities. However, empirical evidence regarding its dynamics and relation to different levels of consciousness has not yet been reported. In this context, this research sought to characterize the community structure of functional brain networks during an anesthetic induction process. The experiment was based on intracranial recordings of the neural activities of an old-world macaque of the species Macaca fuscata during a Ketamine-Medetomidine anesthetic induction process. Changes were observed within approximately one and a half minutes after administering the anesthetics, revealing a transition in the community structure. The awake state was characterized by large clusters involving the frontal and parietal regions. In contrast, the anesthetized state was marked by the presence of communities in the primary visual and motor cortices, while the areas of the secondary associative cortex were the most affected. The results report the influence of general anesthesia on the structure of functional clusters, contributing to understanding some novel aspects of the neural correlates of consciousness.
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