扰动磁场中跨场逃逸电子输运的对流扩散模型
An advection-diffusion model for cross-field runaway electron transport in perturbed magnetic fields
摘要：
裂变产生的逃逸电子（RE）是ITER面临的一个突出问题。RE生成的预测计算研究依赖于轨道平均计算，因此，它们缺乏来自磁场随机性的影响。由于随机性是自然存在于破坏后的等离子体，外部诱导的随机性提供了一个突出的机制，以减轻RE雪崩，我们提出了一个对流扩散模型，可用于耦合轨道跟踪代码的轨道平均工具，以捕捉交叉场运输，并克服后者的限制。输运系数通过蒙特卡罗方法进行评估。我们发现，扩散系数显着不同，从著名的Rechester-Rosenbluth结果。我们还证明了包括平流的重要性：它有一个双重的作用，无论是在模拟运输障碍所产生的磁岛和放大的岛屿不存在的地区的损失。
英文摘要：
Disruption-generated runaway electrons (RE) present an outstanding issue for ITER. The predictive computational studies of RE generation rely on orbit-averaged computations and, as such, they lack the effects from the magnetic field stochasticity. Since stochasiticity is naturally present in post-disruption plasma, and externally induced stochastization offers a prominent mechanism to mitigate RE avalanche, we present an advection-diffusion model that can be used to couple an orbit-following code to an orbit-averaged tool in order to capture the cross-field transport and to overcome the latter's limitation. The transport coefficients are evaluated via a Monte Carlo method. We show that the diffusion coefficient differs significantly from the well-known Rechester-Rosenbluth result. We also demonstrate the importance of including the advection: it has a two-fold role both in modelling transport barriers created by magnetic islands and in amplifying losses in regions where the islands are not present.
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