A~40质量区N~Z核从超形变到极端形变和团簇化
From superdeformation to extreme deformation and clusterization in the N~Z nuclei of the A~40 mass region
摘要：
在协变密度泛函理论的框架下，首次对A~40质量区N~Z核的极端形变结构进行了系统的研究.在自旋为零时，这种结构位于高激发能处，这阻止了它们的实验观察。旋转作为一种工具，将这些奇异的形状带到yraast线或其附近，以便使用未来一代的$γ-$跟踪（或类似）探测器（如GRETA和AGATA）对其进行观察。这些结构的主要物理观测量（如过渡四极矩以及运动学和动力学的惯性矩），基本的单粒子结构和自旋时，他们成为yrast或近yrast的定义。搜索的指纹簇化和分子结构进行，并与这些功能的配置进行了讨论。最好的候选人观察极端变形的结构被确定。对于本研究中的几个原子核（如$^{36}$ Ar），在$16\hbar$目前测得的最大自旋之上添加几个自旋单位将不可避免地引发向超变形和巨变形核形状的转变。
英文摘要：
A systematic search for extremely deformed structures in the N~Z nuclei of the A~40 mass region has been performed for the first time in the framework of covariant density functional theory. At spin zero such structures are located at high excitation energies which prevents their experimental observation. The rotation acts as a tool to bring these exotic shapes to the yrast line or its vicinity so that their observation could become possible with future generation of $γ-$tracking (or similar) detectors such as GRETA and AGATA. The major physical observables of such structures (such as transition quadrupole moments as well as kinematic and dynamic moments of inertia), the underlying single-particle structure and the spins at which they become yrast or near yrast are defined. The search for the fingerprints of clusterization and molecular structures is performed and the configurations with such features are discussed. The best candidates for observation of extremely deformed structures are identified. For several nuclei in this study (such as $^{36}$Ar), the addition of several spin units above currently measured maximum spin of $16\hbar$ will inevitably trigger the transition to hyper- and megadeformed nuclear shapes.
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