撑伞对单向和双向行人流的影响：实验与建模
Impact of holding umbrella on uni- and bi-directional pedestrian flow: Experiments and modeling
摘要：
本文通过实验和模型研究了撑伞对单向和双向水流的影响。在实验中，行人被要求在正常情况下和撑伞情况下在环形走廊中顺时针/逆时针行走。无论是单向流还是双向流，撑伞情况下的流量都比正常情况下的流量小。在双向流中，正常情况下行人会很快分离成两个相对的运动流，顺时针/逆时针行走的行人由于右行走偏好而总是在内/外车道上。在撑伞的情况下，自发的车道形成也发生了。但是，行人在撑伞时，可能会分开两条以上的车道。此外，已经观察到车道的合并，并且顺时针/逆时针行人并不总是在内/外车道中。为了模拟流体动力学，提出了一种改进的基于力的模型。考虑了伞体之间的接触力。模拟结果与实验结果一致。
英文摘要：
In this paper, the impact of holding umbrella on the uni- and bi-directional flow has been investigated via experiment and modeling. In the experiments, pedestrians are required to walk clockwise/anti-clockwise in a ring-shaped corridor under normal situation and holding umbrella situation. No matter in uni- or bi-directional flow, the flow rate under holding umbrella situation decreases comparing with that in normal situation. In bidirectional flow, pedestrians segregate into two opposite moving streams very quickly under normal situation, and clockwise/anti-clockwise walking pedestrians are always in the inner/outer lane due to right-walking preference. Under holding umbrella situation, spontaneous lane formation has also occurred. However, when holding umbrella, pedestrians may separate into more than two lanes. Moreover, the merge of lanes have been observed, and clockwise/anti-clockwise pedestrians are not always in the inner/outer lane. To model the flow dynamics, an improved force-based model has been proposed. The contact force between umbrellas has been taken into account. Simulation results are in agreement with the experimental ones.
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