解析黑洞周围的流动：气体angular momentum的影响
Resolving flows around black holes: the impact of gas angular momentum
摘要：
宇宙学模拟几乎无一例外地使用一个类似邦迪-霍伊尔的公式来估计气体在超大质量黑洞上的吸积。这样做忽略了气体角动量的影响，这可能会阻止或显著延迟直接落在黑洞上的吸积物质。我们概述了一个黑洞吸积率处方使用修改后的邦迪-霍伊尔配方，考虑到周围气体的角动量。只有当内部涡度分布得到很好的解决时，这种修改后的邦迪-霍伊尔公式才有可能得到有意义的实施，这是通过在我们的模拟中使用黑洞周围的超拉格朗日细化技术实现的。然后，我们调查的影响黑洞的增长进行模拟孤立以及合并盘星系使用移动网格代码AREPO。我们发现，气体的角动量势垒可以发挥重要的作用，限制黑洞的增长，也导致几个陀螺仪之间的延迟星爆和类星体阶段的主要合并残留物。然而，我们强调，这种效应的大小是高度敏感的吸积气体的物理状态和黑洞反馈的性质。
英文摘要：
Cosmological simulations almost invariably estimate the accretion of gas on to supermassive black holes using a Bondi-Hoyle-like prescription. Doing so ignores the effects of the angular momentum of the gas, which may prevent or significantly delay accreting material falling directly on to the black hole. We outline a black hole accretion rate prescription using a modified Bondi-Hoyle formulation that takes into account the angular momentum of the surrounding gas. Meaningful implementation of this modified Bondi-Hoyle formulation is only possible when the inner vorticity distribution is well resolved, which we achieve through the use of a super-Lagrangian refinement technique around black holes within our simulations. We then investigate the effects on black hole growth by performing simulations of isolated as well as merging disc galaxies using the moving-mesh code AREPO. We find that the gas angular momentum barrier can play an important role in limiting the growth of black holes, leading also to a several Gyr delay between the starburst and the quasar phase in major merger remnants. We stress, however, that the magnitude of this effect is highly sensitive to the thermodynamical state of the accreting gas and to the nature of the black hole feedback present.
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