小地球实验：模拟行星核心的仪器
Little Earth Experiment: an instrument to model planetary cores
摘要：
在本文中，我们提出了一个新的实验设备，小地球实验，旨在研究液体行星核心的流体动力学。该装置的主要新颖性在于，透明导电电解质经受极高磁场（高达10 T）以产生与行星核心中的中等磁场产生的电磁效应相当的电磁效应。这项技术使得人们有可能第一次可视化的对流驱动发电机的主要力量之间的耦合，通过粒子图像测速（PIV）在几何相关的行星。我们首先提出的技术，使我们能够产生这些力量，并在高磁场环境中实施PIV。然后，我们表明，磁场急剧改变的对流羽流的结构，在有关的配置切圆柱区域的地球的核心。
英文摘要：
In this paper, we present a new experimental facility, Little Earth Experiment, designed to study the hydrodynamics of liquid planetary cores. The main novelty of this apparatus is that a transparent electrically conducting electrolyte is subject to extremely high magnetic fields (up to 10T) to produce electromagnetic effects comparable to those produced by moderate magnetic fields in planetary cores. This technique makes it possible to visualise for the first time the coupling between the principal forces in a convection-driven dynamo by means of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) in a geometry relevant to planets. We first present the technology that enables us to generate these forces and implement PIV in a high magnetic field environment. We then show that the magnetic field drastically changes the structure of convective plumes in a configuration relevant to the tangent cylinder region of the Earth's core.
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