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arXiv 1606.00367physics.plasm-ph
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纵向密度梯度对电子等离子体尾流场加速的影响

The effect of a longitudinal density gradient on electron plasma wake field acceleration

David Tsiklauri

备注：
The final accepted for publication version
发表信息：
Proc. Roy. Soc. A, 472, 20160630 (2016)
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摘要：

本文采用三维粒子模拟方法，对吹出区电子等离子体尾流场的加速过程进行了全电磁场模拟。早期的结果扩展（i）研究纵向密度梯度的影响;（ii）避免使用共同移动的模拟箱;（iii）列入离子运动;（iv）研究完全电磁等离子体尾场。将驱动电子束团和拖尾电子束团注入到10 cm以上的正密度梯度的锂蒸气等离子体中，与均匀密度的情况相比，空间上更紧凑，电场大3倍（$-6.4 \times 10^{10}$ V/m），导致尾束加速到24.4 GeV（从初始20.4 GeV开始），从引导到尾束的能量转移效率为75%。在均匀密度的情况下，产生$-2.5 \times 10^{10}$ V/m尾流，导致尾束加速到22.4 GeV，能量转移效率为65%。它还建立了电子束注入到一个负的密度梯度的10倍下降超过10厘米长的等离子体的密度，结果在空间上更分散和2.5更小的电场（$-1.0 \times 10^{10}$ V/m），导致较弱的加速拖尾聚束高达21.4 GeV，与能量转移效率为45%。考虑到离子运动，在等离子体尾流中，离子数密度可以增加到背景值的几倍以上。结果还表明，等离子体尾流中的横向电磁场与纵向（静电）电磁场具有相同的量级。

英文摘要：

Three dimensional, particle-in-cell, fully electromagnetic simulations of electron plasma wake field acceleration in the blow out regime are presented. Earlier results are extended by (i) studying the effect of longitudinal density gradient; (ii) avoiding use of co-moving simulation box; (iii) inclusion of ion motion; and (iv) studying fully electromagnetic plasma wake fields. It is established that injecting driving and trailing electron bunches into a positive density gradient of ten-fold increasing density over 10 cm long Lithium vapor plasma, results in spatially more compact and three times larger, compared to the uniform density case, electric fields ($-6.4 \times 10^{10}$ V/m), leading to acceleration of the trailing bunch up to 24.4 GeV (starting from initial 20.4 GeV), with an energy transfer efficiencies from leading to trailing bunch of 75 percent. In the uniform density case $-2.5 \times 10^{10}$ V/m wake is created leading to acceleration of the trailing bunch up to 22.4 GeV, with an energy transfer efficiencies of 65 percent. It is also established that injecting the electron bunches into a negative density gradient of ten-fold decreasing density over 10 cm long plasma, results in spatially more spread and two-and-half smaller electric fields ($-1.0 \times 10^{10}$ V/m), leading to a weaker acceleration of the trailing bunch up to 21.4 GeV, with an energy transfer efficiencies of 45 percent. Inclusion of ion motions into consideration shows that in the plasma wake ion number density can increase over few times the background value. It is also shown that transverse electromagnetic fields in plasma wake are of the same order as the longitudinal (electrostatic) ones.

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