低能反K介子与原子核的相互作用：AMADEUS的挑战
Low-energy Antikaon Interaction with Nuclei: The AMADEUS Challenge
摘要：
反K ~-与原子核的低能强相互作用具有多方面的性质，是一个充满活力和挑战性的研究领域。它与奇异性的特殊作用有关，因为奇夸克相当轻，但仍然比上夸克和下夸克重得多。因此，当涉及奇异性时，我们必须处理量子色动力学中自发的和显式的对称性破缺。众所周知，反K介子与核子的相互作用是有吸引力的，但是有多强呢？这种相互作用是否足够强，能使核子结合形成K介子核？如果是，其性质（结合能、衰变宽度）是什么？有争议的迹象表明，这种束缚态和新的结果预计将很快到来。反K介子介导的束缚态的存在可能会产生重要的后果，因为它将打开形成高密度冷重子物质的可能性，这可能对天体物理学中理解致密（中子）星的组成产生严重影响。新的实验机会，可以提供AMADEUS实验在DA？位于LNF-INFN的NE正负电子对撞机（意大利弗拉斯卡蒂）。通过分析KLOE在2005年之前收集的数据和使用碳靶插入物的特殊数据运行，对反K介子与核相互作用进行了Pre-AMADEUS研究。利用DAFNE提供的Phi介子衰变产生的低能反K介子的专用AMADEUS探测器装置的研究正在进行中。本文介绍和讨论了AMADEUS实验的一些结果和前景。
英文摘要：
The low-energy strong interaction of antikaons (K-) with nuclei has many facets and rep- resents a lively and challenging research field. It is interconnected to the peculiar role of strangeness, since the strange quark is rather light, but still much heavier than the up and down quarks. Thus, when strangeness is involved one has to deal with spontaneous and explicit symmetry breaking in QCD. It is well known that the antikaon interaction with nucleons is attractive, but how strong ? Is the interaction strong enough to bind nucleons to form kaonic nuclei and, if so, what are the properties (binding energy, decay width)? There are controversial indications for such bound states and new results are expected to come soon. The existence of antikaon mediated bound states might have important consequences since it would open the possibility for the formation of cold baryonic matter of high density which might have a severe impact in astrophysics for the understanding of the composi- tion of compact (neutron) stars. New experimental opportunities could be provided by the AMADEUS experiment at the DA?NE electron-positron collider at LNF-INFN (Frascati, Italy). Pre-AMADEUS studies on the antikaon interaction with nuclei are carried out by analysis of data collected by KLOE in till 2005 and in special data runs using a carbon target insert. Studies for the dedicated AMADEUS detector setup taking advantage of the low-energy antikaons from Phi-meson decay delivered by DAFNE are in progress. Some re- sults obtained so far and the perspectives of the AMADEUS experiment are presented and discussed.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
