惯性导航用小型冷原子传感器的研制
Development of compact cold-atom sensors for inertial navigation
摘要：
基于冷原子干涉测量的惯性传感器在惯性导航应用中表现出许多有趣的特性，特别是在灵敏度和长期稳定性方面。然而，目前典型的原子干涉仪在很大程度上仍然是一种实验-为了与移动应用程序兼容，需要进一步开发。在这项工作中，我们提出了一个紧凑的和移动的实验，我们最近用它来实现第一个惯性测量与机载原子加速度计的飞机。通过将经典的惯性传感器集成到我们的设备中，我们能够操作原子传感器远远超出其标准操作范围，对应于干涉条纹的一半。我们报告沿飞机水平和垂直轴的基于原子的加速度测量，在$\sim 0.1\,g$的范围内具有$2.3 \times 10^{-4}\,g$的单次灵敏度。同样的技术也可以用于开发冷原子陀螺仪，它在长期灵敏度方面可能超过最好的光学陀螺仪。我们的装置还被设计用于研究多轴原子干涉测量，目标是实现由加速度和旋转三轴组成的完整惯性测量单元。最后，我们提出了一个紧凑的和可调谐的激光系统，它构成了任何冷原子传感器的重要组成部分。该激光器的结构基于对单个光纤激光二极管进行相位调制，并且可以在不到200 $μ$ s的时间内在1 GHz的范围内进行调谐。
英文摘要：
Inertial sensors based on cold atom interferometry exhibit many interesting features for applications related to inertial navigation, particularly in terms of sensitivity and long-term stability. However, at present the typical atom interferometer is still very much an experiment---consisting of a bulky, static apparatus with a limited dynamic range and high sensitivity to environmental effects. To be compliant with mobile applications further development is needed. In this work, we present a compact and mobile experiment, which we recently used to achieve the first inertial measurements with an atomic accelerometer onboard an aircraft. By integrating classical inertial sensors into our apparatus, we are able to operate the atomic sensor well beyond its standard operating range, corresponding to half of an interference fringe. We report atom-based acceleration measurements along both the horizontal and vertical axes of the aircraft with one-shot sensitivities of $2.3 \times 10^{-4}\,g$ over a range of $\sim 0.1\,g$. The same technology can be used to develop cold-atom gyroscopes, which could surpass the best optical gyroscopes in terms of long-term sensitivity. Our apparatus was also designed to study multi-axis atom interferometry with the goal of realizing a full inertial measurement unit comprised of the three axes of acceleration and rotation. Finally, we present a compact and tunable laser system, which constitutes an essential part of any cold-atom-based sensor. The architecture of the laser is based on phase modulating a single fiber-optic laser diode, and can be tuned over a range of 1 GHz in less than 200 $μ$s.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
