Copernicus Complexio暖暗物质模拟中的子结构和星系形成
Substructure and galaxy formation in the Copernicus Complexio warm dark matter simulations
摘要：
我们使用Copernicus Complexio（COCO）高分辨率$N$ -体模拟来研究小尺度结构在标准冷暗物质（CDM）模型中的特性差异，以及在一个模型中，该模型的初始密度波动功率谱与热产生的暖暗物质（WDM）粒子或质量为7 keV且具有稀薄生成参数$L_6=8.7$的无菌中微子一致。后者对应于“最冷”的模型，这种无菌中微子质量与最近检测到的3.5千电子伏X射线线的粒子衰变产生的识别兼容。CDM和WDM预测非常不同的数量密度的subhaloes与质量$\leq 10^9\,h^{-1}\,M_\odot$，虽然他们预测类似的，几乎普遍的，归一化的subhalo径向密度分布。在这两个模型中的晕和subhaloes有尖状NFW的配置文件，但WDM subhaloes低于功率谱中的截止尺度（对应于最大圆速度$V_{\mathrm{max}}^{z=0} \leq50~\mathrm{kms}^{-1}$）是不太集中比他们的CDM同行。我们使用GALFORM半解析模型的星系形成的可观察到的属性进行预测。两个模型都预测了银河系卫星的光度函数与观测结果一致，尽管WDM模型预测的非常微弱的卫星较少。然而，这个模型预测在红移$z>7$的紫外亮星系比CDM略多，但两者都与观测结果一致。引力透镜提供了区分模型的最佳前景。
英文摘要：
We use the Copernicus Complexio (COCO) high resolution $N$-body simulations to investigate differences in the properties of small-scale structures in the standard cold dark matter (CDM) model and in a model with a cutoff in the initial power spectrum of density fluctuations consistent with both a thermally produced warm dark matter (WDM) particle or a sterile neutrino with mass 7 keV and leptogenesis parameter $L_6=8.7$. The latter corresponds to the "coldest" model with this sterile neutrino mass compatible with the identification of the recently detected 3.5 keV X-ray line as resulting from particle decay. CDM and WDM predict very different number densities of subhaloes with mass $\leq 10^9\,h^{-1}\,M_\odot$ although they predict similar, nearly universal, normalised subhalo radial density distributions. Haloes and subhaloes in both models have cuspy NFW profiles, but WDM subhaloes below the cutoff scale in the power spectrum (corresponding to maximum circular velocities $V_{\mathrm{max}}^{z=0} \leq50~\mathrm{kms}^{-1}$) are less concentrated than their CDM counterparts. We make predictions for observable properties using the GALFORM semi-analytic model of galaxy formation. Both models predict Milky Way satellite luminosity functions consistent with observations, although the WDM model predicts fewer very faint satellites. This model, however, predicts slightly more UV bright galaxies at redshift $z>7$ than CDM, but both are consistent with observations. Gravitational lensing offers the best prospect of distinguishing between the models.
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