小行星表面裂纹中的毛细管Action及其对433 Eros的应用
Capillary Action in a Crack on the Surface of Asteroids with an Application to 433 Eros
摘要：
一些小行星含有水冰，在小行星上着陆的太空任务可能会将液体带到小行星的表面。小行星表面的气压非常微弱。这里我们考虑不规则小行星表面裂纹中的毛细作用。裂纹被建模为具有固定半径的毛细管。小行星的不规则引力势影响毛细管中液体的高度。小行星表面毛细管中液体的高度来自小行星的不规则引力势。毛细机制预期在表面上产生出射液体的不均匀分布。这一结果适用于小行星433 Eros，它具有不规则，细长和凹形的形状。考虑了两种情况：1）当毛细管方向垂直于小行星的局部表面时，计算毛细管中液体的高度; 2）当毛细管方向平行于小行星的质心到表面位置的矢量时，计算毛细管中液体的高度。小行星局部表面毛细管的投影高度似乎取决于假定的毛细管方向。
英文摘要：
Some asteroids contain water ice, and a space mission landing on an asteroid may take liquid to the surface of the asteroid. Gas pressure is very weak on the surface of asteroids. Here we consider the capillary action in a crack on the surface of irregular asteroids. The crack is modelled as a capillary which has a fixed radius. An asteroid s irregular gravitational potential influences the height of the liquid in the capillary. The height of the liquid in the capillary on the surface of such asteroids is derived from the asteroid s irregular gravitational potential. Capillary mechanisms are expected to produce an inhomogeneaous distribution of emergent liquid on the surface. This result is applied to asteroid 433 Eros, which has an irregular, elongated, and concave shape. Two cases are considered 1) we calculate the height of the liquid in the capillary when the direction of the capillary is perpendicular to the local surface of the asteroid; 2) we calculate the height of the liquid in the capillary when the direction of the capillary is parallel to the vector from the center of mass to the surface position. The projected height in the capillary on the local surface of the asteroid seems to depend on the assumed direction of the capillary.
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