准备好下雨了吗？从SPEC看云计算的未来
Ready for Rain? A View from SPEC Research on the Future of Cloud Metrics
摘要：
在过去的十年中，云计算已经从对服务驱动的信息和通信技术（ICT）的追求中脱颖而出，成为ICT市场的重要组成部分。为了应对市场的增长，许多替代云服务及其底层系统目前正在争夺云用户和提供商的注意力。因此，需要对它们进行基准测试，以使云用户能够做出明智的选择，并使系统DevOps能够调整，设计和评估他们的系统。这需要关注新旧系统属性，可能导致重新设计经典的基准测试指标，例如将性能表示为吞吐量和延迟（响应时间），以及设计新的特定于云的指标。为了满足这一要求，在这项工作中，我们重点关注四个系统属性：（i）云服务的弹性，以适应所请求的服务量的巨大变化，（ii）共享云系统租户之间的性能隔离，（iii）云服务和系统的可用性，以及（iv）在云环境中运行生产系统的操作风险。对于这些属性中的每一个，我们回顾最新技术，然后选择或提出新的度量以及测量方法。我们将这些指标视为即将到来的行业标准云基准的基础。保留字：云计算;（c）测量;（b）基准化;弹性;隔离;业绩;服务水平目标;可用性;运营风险。
英文摘要：
In the past decade, cloud computing has emerged from a pursuit for a service-driven information and communication technology (ICT), into a signifcant fraction of the ICT market. Responding to the growth of the market, many alternative cloud services and their underlying systems are currently vying for the attention of cloud users and providers. Thus, benchmarking them is needed, to enable cloud users to make an informed choice, and to enable system DevOps to tune, design, and evaluate their systems. This requires focusing on old and new system properties, possibly leading to the re-design of classic benchmarking metrics, such as expressing performance as throughput and latency (response time), and the design of new, cloud-specififc metrics. Addressing this requirement, in this work we focus on four system properties: (i) elasticity of the cloud service, to accommodate large variations in the amount of service requested, (ii) performance isolation between the tenants of shared cloud systems, (iii) availability of cloud services and systems, and the (iv) operational risk of running a production system in a cloud environment.Focusing on key metrics, for each of these properties we review the state-of-the-art, then select or propose new metrics together with measurement approaches. We see the presented metrics as a foundation towards upcoming, industry-standard, cloud benchmarks. Keywords: Cloud Computing; Metrics; Measurement; Benchmarking; Elasticity; Isolation; Performance; Service Level Objective; Availability; Operational Risk.
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