有限温度下相对论性费米气体的电磁响应：对condensed-matter系统的应用
The electromagnetic response of a relativistic Fermi gas at finite temperatures: applications to condensed-matter systems
摘要：
研究了有限温度下相对论性费米气体的电磁响应。我们的理论结果是一阶的精细结构常数。通过倒易空间中的一般本构关系引入电磁介电常数和磁导率，并计算了不同气体密度和温度下的电磁介电常数和磁导率。正如预期的那样，相对论性费米气体的介电常数被发现在低温极限与Lindhard介电函数很好地吻合。简要讨论了在凝聚态物理中的应用。特别是，理论结果与实验测量的石墨和氧化锡中的等离子体激元能量，作为温度和波矢的函数，在很好的协议。我们强调，目前的电磁响应的相对论性费米气体在有限的温度下可能是潜在的兴趣，在未来的等离子体和光子研究。
英文摘要：
We investigate the electromagnetic response of a relativistic Fermi gas at finite temperatures. Our theoretical results are first-order in the fine-structure constant. The electromagnetic permittivity and permeability are introduced via general constitutive relations in reciprocal space, and computed for different values of the gas density and temperature. As expected, the electric permittivity of the relativistic Fermi gas is found in good agreement with the Lindhard dielectric function in the low-temperature limit. Applications to condensed-matter physics are briefly discussed. In particular, theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental measurements of the plasmon energy in graphite and tin oxide, as functions of both the temperature and wave vector. We stress that the present electromagnetic response of a relativistic Fermi gas at finite temperatures could be of potential interest in future plasmonic and photonic investigations.
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