Approximation forte pour les variétés avec une action d'un groupe linéaire

Approximation forte sur un produit de variétés abéliennes épointé en des points de torsion

Consider strong approximation for algebraic varieties defined over a number field $k$. Let $S$ be a finite set of places of $k$ containing all archimedean places. Let $E$ be an elliptic curve of positive Mordell-Weil rank and let $A$ be an abelian variety of positive dimension and of finite Mordell-Weil group. For an arbitrary finite set $\mathfrak{T}$ of torsion points of $E\times A$, denote by $X$ its complement. Supposing the finiteness of $Sha(E\times A)$, we prove that $X$ satisfies strong approximation with Brauer-Manin obstruction off $S$ if and only if the projection of $\mathfrak{T}$ …

约化 Whitehead 群的平凡性及其在弱逼近与强逼近中的应用

Trivialité des groupes de Whitehead réduits avec applications à l'approximation faible et l'approximation forte

本文证明特定 Hensel 离散赋值域上可除代数的约化 Whitehead 群平凡，并据此建立 A 型单连通群在多类函数域上的强逼近。

Approximation forte en famille

Let $k$ be a number field and $X$ a smooth integral affine variety equipped with a morphism $f : X \to A^1_k$ to the affine line. Assume that all fibres of $f$ are split, for instance that they are geometrically integral. Assume that the generic fibre of $f$ is a homogeneous space of a simply connected, almost simple, semisimple group $G/k(t)$, and that the geometric stabilizers are connected reductive groups. Let $v$ be a place of $k$ such that the fibration $f$ acquires a rational section over the completion $k_v$ at $v$. Assume moreover that at almost all points $x \in A^1(k_v)$ the special…

Strong approximation for the total space of certain quadric fibrations

We study equations in four variables (x,y,z,t) of the shape q(x,y,z)=P(t), where q(x,y,z) is an indefinite ternary quadratic form over the integers and P(t) is a polynomial in one variable with integral coefficients. If P(t) is not the product of a constant and the square of a polynomial, strong approximation holds for integral solutions (x,y,z,t). In the general case, we show that the integral Brauer-Manin conditions are the only obstructions to strong approximation. We actually study the analogous situation over an arbitrary number field. --- Nous étudions les équations à quatre variables (x…

Compter (rapidement) le nombre de solutions d'équations dans les corps finis

The number of solutions in finite fields of a system of polynomial equations obeys a very strong regularity, reflected for example by the rationality of the zeta function of an algebraic variety defined over a finite field, or the modularity of Hasse-Weil's $L$-function of an elliptic curve over $\Q$. Since two decades, efficient methods have been invented to compute effectively this number of solutions, notably in view of cryptographic applications. This exposé presents some of these methods, generally relying on the use of Lefshetz's trace formula in an adequate cohomology theory and discuss…