洛伦兹对称性与甚长基线干涉测量
Lorentz symmetry and Very Long Baseline Interferometry
摘要：
洛伦兹对称性破坏可以用一个包含广义相对论和粒子物理学的标准模型的有效场论框架来描述，该框架被称为标准模型扩展（SME）。最近，后拟合分析重力探测器B和二进制卫星导致在$10^{-4}$水平上的最小SME的纯重力部门的时间-时间系数$\bar s^{TT}$的上限。本文推导了SME中甚长基线干涉测量（VLBI）的观测量，并将其应用到实际的大地测量VLBI观测数据分析程序中。分析所有可用的观测记录自1979年以来，我们比较了估计的$\bar s^{TT}$和误差与各种分析方案，包括全球估计在几个时间跨度和不同的太阳伸长截止角，并与分析的射电源坐标时间序列。我们得到了一个约束$\bar s^{TT}=(-5\pm 8)\times 10^{-5}$，直接拟合的观察和改善了一个因素5以前的拟合后分析估计。
英文摘要：
Lorentz symmetry violations can be described by an effective field theory framework that contains both General Relativity and the Standard Model of particle physics called the Standard-Model extension (SME). Recently, post-fit analysis of Gravity Probe B and binary pulsars lead to an upper limit at the $10^{-4}$ level on the time-time coefficient $\bar s^{TT}$ of the pure-gravity sector of the minimal SME. In this work, we derive the observable of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) in SME and then we implement it into a real data analysis code of geodetic VLBI observations. Analyzing all available observations recorded since 1979, we compare estimates of $\bar s^{TT}$ and errors obtained with various analysis schemes, including global estimations over several time spans and with various Sun elongation cut-off angles, and with analysis of radio source coordinate time series. We obtain a constraint on $\bar s^{TT}=(-5\pm 8)\times 10^{-5}$, directly fitted to the observations and improving by a factor 5 previous post-fit analysis estimates.
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