欠密等离子体中气泡内的GigaGauss螺线管磁场
GigaGauss solenoidal magnetic field inside of bubbles excited in under-dense plasma
摘要：
磁场在从天体物理学到纳米级现象的所有尺度的物理学中起着至关重要的作用。大磁场，恒定的或脉冲的，允许在极端条件下研究材料，开辟了大量的基于超快过程的实际应用，并研究仅存在于奇异天体（如中子星或中子星）中的现象。在粒子加速器中，磁场是必不可少的，它可以引导相对论性粒子沿曲线轨迹运动，并使它们在同步辐射光源和自由电子激光中辐射。本文提出了一种利用螺旋形强激光脉冲在低密度等离子体中产生千兆高斯及以上的螺线管状准静态磁场的新方法。与通常依赖于与过密或固体靶相互作用的已知技术相比，其中产生了定位在固定靶处的径向或环形磁场，我们的方法允许产生巨大的螺线管场，其与驱动激光脉冲共同移动并与加速电子共线。螺线管场在激光脉冲的参考系中是准稳态的，并且可以用于引导电子束，并且为激光-等离子体加速的电子和正电子束提供同步辐射束流发射度冷却，为光源、自由电子激光和基于激光等离子体加速的高能对撞机的设计开辟了新的机会。
英文摘要：
Magnetic fields have a crucial role in physics at all scales, from astrophysics to nanoscale phenomena. Large fields, constant or pulsed, allow investigation of material in extreme conditions, opening up plethora of practical applications based on ultra-fast process, and studying phenomena existing only in exotic astro-objects like neutron stars or pulsars. Magnetic fields are indispensable in particle accelerators, for guiding the relativistic particles along a curved trajectory and for making them radiate in synchrotron light sources and in free electron lasers. In the presented paper we propose a novel and effective method for generating solenoidal quasi-static magnetic field on the GigaGauss level and beyond, in under-dense plasma, using screw-shaped high intensity laser pulses. In comparison with already known techniques which typically rely on interaction with over-dense or solid targets, where radial or toroidal magnetic field localized at the stationary target were generated, our method allows to produce gigantic solenoidal fields, which is co-moving with the driving laser pulse and collinear with accelerated electrons. The solenoidal field is quasi-stationary in the reference frame of the laser pulse and can be used for guiding electron beams and providing synchrotron radiation beam emittance cooling for laser-plasma accelerated electron and positron beams, opening up novel opportunities for designs of the light sources, free electron lasers, and high energy colliders based on laser plasma acceleration.
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